The International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) has been compiling the IIHF World Ranking since 2003. Places in the ranking are calculated based on the performance of teams at the last four World Championships and the last Winter Olympics.

IIHF World Ranking

in brackets the number of points and the last change of position (May 2019, after the World Cup)

1. Canada (3705)

2. Russia (3640, +1)

3. Finland (3615, +2)

4. Sweden (3615, -2)

5. Czech Republic (3465, +1)

6. USA (3430, -2)

7. Germany (3355, +1)

8. Switzerland (3325, -1)

9. Slovakia (3040. +1)

10. Latvia (3025, +1)

11. Norway (3005, -2)

12. Denmark (2925)

13. France (2840)

14. Belarus (2735)

15. Austria (2635, +2)

16. Italy (2620, +3)

17. South Korea (2620, -1)

18. Slovenia (2620, -3)

19. Kazakhstan (2570, -1)

20. Great Britain (2480, +2)

21. Hungary (2370, -1)

22. Poland (2300, -1)

23. Japan (2180)

24. Lithuania (2110, +1)

25. Ukraine (2095, -1)

26. Estonia (2010)

27. Romania (1990, +2)

28. Netherlands (1910)

29. Croatia (1895, -2)

30. Serbia (1740)

31. Spain (1585)

32. China (1520, +1)

33. Iceland (1485, -1)

34. Israel (1385)

35. Australia (1305, +1)

36. Mexico (1290, -1)

37. Belgium (1200)

38. Bulgaria (1095)

39. Georgia (1060, +1)

40. New Zealand (1020, -1)

41. North Korea (905)

42. Türkiye (760, +1)

43. Luxembourg (745, -1)

44. South Africa (595)

45. Chinese Taipei (545, +1)

46. ​​Hong Kong (535, -1)

47. Turkmenistan (430, +2)

48. UAE (420, -1)

49. Bosnia and Herzegovina (340, -1)

50. Kuwait (225)

51. Thailand (160, new)

52. Kyrgyzstan (100, new)

Official website of the International Ice Hockey Federation:

For all goods sold, a trading enterprise must have certificates (declarations of conformity) issued or recognized by an authorized body, normative and technical documentation certifying the quality of goods, their safety for human life and health, and ensure compliance of goods sold with the requirements of these documents, and as well as their sources of income.
The rules for the sale of goods in trading enterprises are established by Ch. 8 SP 2.3.6.1066-01, as well as Ch. III letter of Roskomtorg dated March 17, 1994 N 1-314/32-9.
By the time of opening, the enterprise must be prepared for work: the goods are provided with clearly written price labels, their display has been updated, the appropriate inventory and packaging materials, and cash registers have been prepared.

The sale of goods in a trading enterprise is carried out to all citizens on a general basis.
Benefits in trade services to certain groups of the population are provided on the basis of legislative acts of the Russian Federation, as well as on the basis of decisions of local executive authorities.
In accordance with the Federal Law of 02/07/1992 N 2300-1 “On the Protection of Consumer Rights” and the fundamentals of civil legislation, a trading enterprise is responsible for the quality of the goods sold.
It is prohibited to sell expired goods, store or sell them that do not meet quality requirements and standards.
The shelf life of the food product is set by the manufacturer, taking into account the period of its storage and intended use.
The sales period is calculated from the date of manufacture and is indicated as follows: “sell before... (hour, date)” or “sell within... (hours, day)”.
The terms for the sale of basic food products in trade organizations (enterprises) are indicated in the letter of Roskomtorg dated July 21, 1987 N 23-1-6/52n “Sale times, temperature and storage conditions for basic food products in trade organizations (enterprises) of the system of the Ministry of Trade of the RSFSR.”
Article 20 of the Federal Law “On the Quality and Safety of Food Products” dated January 2, 2000 N 29-FZ provides for requirements for ensuring the quality and safety of food products, materials and products during their sale.
Weighing and measuring of goods is carried out in accordance with the “Rules for the use of measures and measuring instruments in trade and public catering establishments” approved by Order of the Ministry of Trade of the RSFSR dated November 12, 1975 N 368. Weighing unpackaged food products directly on scales, without wrapping paper and other packaging materials is not allowed (Clause 8.6 SP 2.3.6.1066-01).
Weighted food products are transferred to the buyer in packaged form without charging additional fees for packaging (clause 35 of the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of January 19, 1998 N55).

Materials that meet the mandatory requirements of standards are used for packaging.

The price of food products sold by weight is determined by net weight.

At the request of the buyer, the person carrying out the sale is obliged to transfer the gastronomic goods to him in cut form.
Bread and bakery products weighing 0.4 kg or more (except for products in the manufacturer’s packaging) can be cut into 2 or 4 equal parts and sold without weighing (clause 37 of the Government of the Russian Federation of January 19, 1998 N55)
Bread slicing is not carried out by auxiliary workers and customers (clause 8.9. SP 2.3.6.1066-01).
When distributing bulk food products to buyers, the seller uses equipment (tongs, spatulas, scoops, spoons, etc.). For each type of product, separate cutting boards and knives are allocated with clear markings, which are stored in the appropriate rooms and departments in specially designated areas (clause 8.5. SP 2.3.6.1066-01).
Bulk liquid and semi-liquid goods are dispensed into customers' containers by weight or using a standard measuring container.
When dispensing liquid food products (milk, sour cream, vegetable oil, etc.), it is not allowed to pour the products back from the buyer’s dishes into a common container (8.14. SP 2.3.6.1066-01).
In accordance with l. 8.24. SP 2.3.6.1066-01 the sale of products in trade organizations is prohibited:
1. Without a quality certificate (for Russian-made products), accompanying documents confirming their origin, quality and safety;
2. In violation of the integrity of the packaging and in contaminated containers, without labels (or insert sheets);
3. In the absence of the necessary conditions to comply with temperature and humidity storage conditions;
4. Meat without a veterinary mark, conditionally suitable meat and meat products;
5. Ungutted poultry, with the exception of game, eggs from farms unaffected by salmonellosis, as well as with contaminated shells, with defects (krasyuk, fog, blood ring, large spot, mirage), with notches, “tek”, “fight”, duck and goose eggs;
6. Cottage cheese made from unpasteurized milk, milk and cream with high acidity (samokvass);
7. Canned food with defects: bombing, cracks, leaks, holes and through cracks, deformed, with signs of microbiological spoilage (mold, fermentation, sliming), etc.;
8. Rotten, spoiled, with violation of the integrity of the peel of vegetables and fruits;
9. Defrosted and re-frozen food products and food raw materials;
10. Homemade;
11. Expired;
12. Bulk and unpacked, except for product groups defined by the legislation of the Russian Federation;
13. Without the presence on the label (insert sheet) of information applied in accordance with the requirements of the legislation of the Russian Federation, as well as regulatory and technical documentation;
14. Into the buyer's dirty containers and printed waste paper.
The sale of goods subject to excise taxes, the list of which is approved by the government, is carried out only with a license for the right to trade in such goods, issued by licensing services in the prescribed manner. For a list of excisable goods, see Art. 181 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation.
In the sales areas of food stores, control scales, control measuring cups, beakers, and an ovoscope must be installed in a place accessible to customers.
Consumer goods are sold to children only if they are able to independently make a purchase and pay for the purchased goods. The sale of alcoholic beverages, beer, and tobacco products to minors is prohibited.
When selling goods in sets assembled in a trading enterprise, the buyer has the right to demand, and the seller does not have the right to refuse to sell, individual goods from the set (except for factory-made sets).
The enterprise is obliged to give the buyer, along with the purchase, a check for the purchase printed by a cash register, as well as a sales receipt (at the buyer’s request), confirming the fulfillment of obligations under the purchase and sale agreement between the buyer and this enterprise.
Food products purchased in a retail distribution network are exchanged if hidden defects are detected (acidity, fat content, bacteriological contamination, the presence of foreign impurities, heavy metal salts, voids in the cut, etc.), or non-compliance with the name or grade under which they were sold.
Unpaid goods can be kept under control for no more than one hour. In some cases, this period may be extended by the enterprise administration to two hours.
Buyers must be given the opportunity to store paid for large and heavy goods for a period of no more than 24 hours. These "sold" items are stored with a safe receipt separately from unsold items without charge for storage.
Requirements for the sale of public catering products are set out in Chapter. 6 GOST R 50763-2007 "Public catering services. Catering products sold to the public. General technical conditions."

Rules for the provision of services at catering establishments

The procedure for providing services at public catering establishments is determined by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of August 15, 1997 N 1036 “On approval of the Rules for the provision of public catering services.”
In accordance with these rules, the contractor (an organization providing public catering services) is obliged to provide the service to any consumer who contacts him with the intention of ordering the service, on the terms agreed upon by the parties.
In this case, the contractor is obliged to provide services on time and with high quality.

The consumer, in turn, is obliged to pay for the services provided within the time frame and in the manner agreed upon with the contractor.

When paying for services provided, the contractor issues to the consumer a document confirming their payment (cash receipt, invoice or other types).
The Contractor is obliged to monitor the quality and safety of the services provided, including public catering products, in accordance with the requirements of regulatory documents.

Along with the provision of catering services, the contractor has the right to offer the consumer other paid services.
When discovering deficiencies in the service provided, the consumer has the right, at his own discretion, to demand:
- free elimination of deficiencies in the services provided, including public catering products;
- a corresponding reduction in the price of the service provided, including catering products;
- free re-production of public catering products of appropriate quality.

Type of retail trade enterprise - an enterprise classified by the range of goods sold (universal, specialized store with a combined or mixed range of goods). Display of goods - certain methods of arranging, stacking and displaying goods on retail equipment, designed to facilitate the search and selection of goods. Commission trade is retail trade that involves the sale by commission agents of goods transferred to them for sale by third parties (principals) under commission agreements. Wholesale trade is the purchase of large quantities of goods with their subsequent resale or for professional use. Seller is an organization or individual entrepreneur that sells goods and provides services to the buyer under a purchase and sale agreement. Placement of goods - distribution of goods on the sales floor area. Retail trade (retailer)—trade in goods and provide services to customers for personal, family, and home use not related to business activities. Type of retail trade enterprise - an enterprise of a certain type, classified by sales area and forms of retail customer service. Product distribution is the process of physically moving goods from the manufacturer to places of sale or consumption. Trade turnover is the volume of sales of goods and provision of services in monetary terms over a certain period of time. Trade and technological process is a sequence of operations that ensures the process of buying and selling goods and distribution of goods.

Requirements for the sale of food products

1. Food products that comply with the requirements of the legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of ensuring the quality and safety of food products and this Federal Law are subject to sale.

2. When selling food products, the expiration dates and storage conditions established by the manufacturer must be observed. If the seller cannot provide the storage conditions for food products specified by the manufacturer in the accompanying documents for food products, then the sale of such food products is prohibited. The person selling food products is responsible for ensuring food safety during its sale.

3. Food products supplied for sale must be accompanied by documents confirming their origin and safety and ensuring traceability of each batch of food products, as well as information on storage conditions, date of manufacture and expiration date of these food products, and have labels on each consumer package ( or insert sheets).

4. Distribution of bulk food products to buyers is carried out in packaging materials that meet the requirements of the legislation of the Russian Federation for packaging materials. When dispensing bulk food products, separate sales of different groups of food products must be ensured, and special equipment for cutting, weighing, and commercial equipment (knives, boards, tongs, scoops, etc.) must be used, which have a clearly visible marking on the intended purpose applied to the equipment in any convenient way, by the person selling food products. Weighing unpackaged food products directly on scales without packaging materials is not permitted.

5. When sold in consumer packaging, food products must be accompanied by information for the consumer that meets the requirements of the technical regulations on food labeling and the requirements of these technical regulations, as well as the requirements of the legislation of the Russian Federation for certain types of food products.

6. Food raw materials and food products recognized as not meeting the requirements of these technical regulations and the manufacturer’s technical documentation, as well as food products that pose a danger to public health, are not allowed for sale:

1) having obvious signs of microbiological spoilage (moldiness, fermentation, sliming, clouding, signs other than those indicated in the technical documents for food products);

2) with a violation of the integrity and pronounced defects of consumer packaging, including bombing, crackers, smudges, holes and through cracks, deformed;

3) in the absence of accompanying documents and markings;

4) subjected to defrosting and re-freezing during the sale;

5) expired;

6) meat in carcasses, half-carcasses, quarters, without an oval-shaped veterinary mark or with a rectangular veterinary mark “Preliminary inspection”, with the stamps “Finnoz”, “Tuberculosis”, “For meat loaves”, “Cooking”, “For canned food” , "Scrap", "Boar PP", as well as food raw materials of animal origin and non-industrial food products that have not passed veterinary and sanitary examination;

7) imported raw meat and raw meat products classified upon import into the territory of the Russian Federation according to the results of a veterinary and sanitary examination to categories in which the sale (without accompanying documentation and labeling) of these products at trade and public catering facilities without accompanying documents and labeling is not permitted ;

8) ungutted poultry, with the exception of game;

9) eggs with contaminated shells, with defects and notches;

10) duck and goose eggs;

11) cottage cheese made from unpasteurized milk, milk and cream with high acidity;

12) rotten, spoiled vegetables and fruits, greened, sprouted potatoes, melons in parts and with cuts;

13) food products of non-industrial production outside agricultural markets organized in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation and without documents confirming the passage of veterinary and sanitary examination;

14) non-industrial food products that have undergone heat and (or) other processing (dried meat, minced meat, cutlets, jelly, sausages (blood, liver, fried and others), brawn, smoked meats, semi-finished meat products, as well as other animal products origin), as well as non-industrial canned goods.

7. It is not allowed for trade organizations to pack food products under vacuum.

In public catering organizations, products from opened consumer packages are sold within one business day, but no more than 12 hours from the moment the package is opened, subject to the storage conditions (temperature, humidity) established by the manufacturer.

8. The sale of food products in natural (raw) form and semi-finished products from them is carried out separately from the sale of ready-to-eat food products (through a separate retail location when serving customers over the counter).

9. It is allowed to sell food products together with non-food products in industrial packaging. For the sale of non-food products in trading floors, separate trading areas (departments, places) must be allocated. Packaging of non-food products in organizations that sell food products is prohibited. Warehouses for food and non-food products must be separate.

10. To ensure the safety of the following types of food products, the specifics of their sale must be observed:

1) when selling milk that is thermally processed, but not packaged in consumer packaging, as well as raw milk, the consumer must be informed about its mandatory boiling, and at enterprises providing public catering, its boiling must be ensured;

2) when dispensing liquid food products (milk, sour cream, vegetable oil, etc.), it is not allowed to pour the products back from the buyer’s container into a common container. Trading equipment for bottling and portioning is not left in containers with milk, cottage cheese or sour cream; they must be kept in special containers and washed daily. All equipment must be used strictly for its intended purpose;

3) do not cut cakes and sell them in parts outside public catering establishments;

4) places where eggs are sold must be equipped with special devices to check their quality; eggs are checked at the request of buyers. The sale of eggs in departments (sections) of trade organizations selling unpackaged ready-to-eat products is not permitted. At the same time, conditions must be provided to exclude the possibility of cross-contamination of other food products with pathogenic microorganisms;

5) fruit and vegetable products are sold in specialized fruit and vegetable stores, departments and sections specifically designed for these purposes;

6) the sale of processed fruits and vegetables (fermented, salted, pickled, etc.) not packaged in sealed containers should be carried out separately from the sale of raw vegetables and fruits using special equipment (spoons, forks, tongs);

7) packaging of washed root vegetables in nets and bags is carried out after drying them,

8) the sale of drinks by the glass, including through vending machines, must be subject to the provision of disposable glasses;

9) live fish are sold from aquariums and containers under conditions that ensure their vital activity;

10) sale of food products outside trade and public catering enterprises (with the exception of off-site trade carried out by these enterprises) and agricultural markets is not allowed.

11. Special requirements for the sale of dietary supplements:

1) retail sales of dietary supplements are allowed only through pharmacies, specialized stores (selling dietary products, specialized products, biologically active food additives), departments, sections, kiosks of food stores;

2) retail sales of dietary supplements should be carried out only in consumer packaging;

3) the sale of dietary supplements is not allowed in the event that the information about the product on the label does not correspond to that agreed upon during the state registration of dietary supplements in accordance with the requirements of this Federal Law;

12. The requirements of this article when selling non-industrial food products on agricultural markets are applied in full, with the exception of the requirements established in paragraphs 5, 9, 11, 19 of this article.

13. When organizing home service, delivery of food products to the customer must be carried out under conditions that ensure their safety and security during storage and transportation, preventing their contamination and spoilage.

14. The sale of food products must be carried out in premises equipped with at least one sink for washing hands. Washbasins should be equipped with handwashing facilities and disposable hand-wiping materials or hand-drying equipment.

15. Sales of food products must be carried out in premises equipped with flush toilets connected to an existing sewer network, equipped with a washbasin with hot and cold water supply, soap and means for drying hands, the doors of which should not open directly into retail and (or) industrial premises,.

For cleaning toilets, special equipment and special clothing must be allocated, marked and stored in separately designated areas, isolated from the cleaning equipment of other premises. Each time toilets are cleaned, all surfaces of walls, floors, doors and equipment are treated with a disinfectant solution.

16. All premises of trading organizations must be thoroughly cleaned, washed and disinfected, the frequency of which must be sufficient to prevent the risk of food contamination.

17. To collect waste and garbage, lockable containers must be installed in retail and utility rooms.

18. Sales of food products must be carried out by persons wearing clean overalls (robes, jackets, trousers, hats, and in direct contact with food products - gloves) and shoes.

19. Persons who have undergone hygienic training and certification in the field of compliance with requirements ensuring the safety of food production, and who have passed mandatory medical examinations (preliminary upon entry to work and periodic) in the manner established by the legislation of the Russian Federation are allowed to sell food products.

20. Special requirements for the sale of food products in small retail chains:

1) in tents, auto shops, and trailers, the sale of a combined assortment of food products is allowed if there are conditions for their storage and sale that correspond to those specified in the accompanying documents. The sale of perishable food products in the absence of refrigeration equipment is not allowed;

2) if the organization has one workplace, it is allowed to sell food products only in industrial packaging;

3) the supply of bread, baked confectionery and bakery products is carried out in packaged form;

4) during the period of mass supply of potatoes and fresh fruits and vegetables, it is allowed to sell vegetables and fruits from trays, carts, etc., as well as at open vegetable markets. The sale of potatoes and fresh fruits and vegetables, including melons, from the land is not allowed. Selling melons in parts and with cuts is not allowed;

5) hot finished products must be sold from isothermal or heated containers and carts;

6) the sale of eggs in the country is carried out at an air temperature of no higher than plus 20 degrees. C and not lower than 0 degrees. WITH;

7) when selling food products, conditions must be created for sellers of small retail chain organizations to observe personal hygiene rules (hand washing sinks, toilets);

8) mobile vehicles of the small retail chain are sanitized at the base organization at the end of the working day;

9) storage of returnable packaging on the territory adjacent to the organization of a small retail chain is not allowed.

Commodification of food products: lecture notes
V.V. Biryukova, N.V. Shevchenko.

3.8. Sanitary requirements for dispensing food products

3.8.1. Only benign food products are allowed for sale. Before supplying food products to the packaging premises or sales area, their quality, condition of packaging and presence of labeling must be checked.

Sellers are required to monitor the quality of the food products they sell. If a change in the quality of food products is detected, it is necessary to delay their sale and immediately inform the administration about this in order to resolve the issue of the possibility of further sale of the products.

The seller is responsible for selling poor-quality food products to customers.

In the sales area of ​​a store or department that sells new types of products, information about the consumer properties of food products, their components, food additives, as well as recommendations for preparation and use should be posted in a visible place.

3.8.2. The preparation of food products for sale is carried out in special rooms intended for this purpose, where preliminary cleaning of dirty surfaces, weathered cuts, the upper yellowed layer of fats, wiping of rennet cheeses and sausages, packaging of food products, emptying them from containers, wiping bottles, cans, stripping, etc.

The preparation of food products for sale must be carried out by sellers or persons specially designated for this purpose. The use of cleaners, workers, and random persons for this purpose is not permitted.

3.8.3. The sale of raw products (meat, poultry, fish, seafood, eggs, vegetables, etc.) and semi-finished products from them should be carried out in special departments separately from the sale of ready-to-eat products.

In order departments and stores, when preparing individual orders, weighing and packaging of raw and ready-to-eat foods must be done separately.

3.8.4. When distributing bulk food products to buyers, the seller must use tongs, spatulas, scoops, scoops, spoons, etc. Sellers’ work stations must be provided with marked cutting boards and knives.

3.8.5. Do not weigh food directly on scales without wrapping paper or other packaging materials. Dispensing food products into dirty buyer containers and printed waste paper is not allowed.

3.8.6. When organizing home service, food products must be delivered to the customer under conditions that prevent contamination of the products and their spoilage.

3.8.7. It is prohibited to sell to customers food products that have accidentally fallen on the floor or are otherwise contaminated (sanitary defects). Sanitary waste should be collected in a special container with appropriate markings.

3.8.8. To select and determine the freshness of bread and bakery products, self-service stores (departments) must have special forks and tongs, at least 2 pieces per linear meter of commercial equipment. For packaging bakery products in enterprises, it is recommended to organize the sale of paper and plastic bags.

Slicing by auxiliary workers and customers is prohibited.

3.8.9. Slicing cakes and selling them in parts is allowed only in cafeterias, provided that the products are consumed by customers on the spot and if there are appropriate conditions for storing and processing equipment and utensils.

3.8.10. In departments selling flask milk there should be stencils warning about the need to boil the milk.

It is prohibited to accept and sell cottage cheese made from unpasteurized milk, milk and cream with high acidity (samokvass).

3.8.11. When dispensing liquid dairy products (milk, sour cream, etc.), it is prohibited to hold the buyer’s dishes over an open can, flask, barrel, etc., as well as to drain the products back from the buyer’s dishes into a common container.

It is prohibited to leave commercial equipment (spoons, spatulas, etc.) in containers with milk, cottage cheese and sour cream; they must be kept in special containers and washed daily. Dairy equipment must be used strictly for its intended purpose.

3.8.13. Eggs are released with a preliminary check of their quality using an ovoscope. It is prohibited to sell eggs in departments (sections) of enterprises selling ready-to-eat products (dairy, sausage, cream confectionery, etc.).

3.8.14. Canned goods that have defects are not allowed for sale: bombing, crackers, leaks, holes and through cracks, deformed, with signs of microbiological spoilage of products (mold, fermentation, sliming), etc.

3.8.15. When selling drinks from insulated containers, you should follow the current “Instructions for servicing insulated containers intended for the sale of soft drinks, kvass and draft beer.”

3.8.16. Bottles with drinks and water, glass containers with juices must be wiped outside with a damp, clean cloth before opening them. Glass containers are opened on the table before release to the consumer. Beforehand, jars of juices are carefully inspected for the presence of bombs and foreign inclusions.

3.8.17. When selling soft drinks and juices in an enterprise, glasses must be washed at the point of sale using double-action syringes. At the end of the working day, it is necessary to wash the glasses with the addition of detergents and rinse with hot running water (temperature not lower than 65 ° C).

If there are no conditions for washing glasses, drinks may only be dispensed in disposable cups. Reusing disposable cups is strictly prohibited.

3.8.18. Clean containers for dispensing drinks are stored upside down on trays. The glasses are washed again before filling. It is prohibited to wash glasses for dispensing drinks in buckets and basins.

3.8.19. Fruit and vegetable products are sold in specialized fruit and vegetable stores, departments and sections, as well as in pavilions of small retail chains.

During the period of mass supply of potatoes and fresh fruits and vegetables, their sale from trays, carts, etc., as well as at open vegetable markets, is allowed. It is prohibited to sell rotten or spoiled vegetables and fruits.

3.8.20. The release of processed fruits and vegetables (fermented, salted, pickled, etc.) must be carried out separately from the sale of vegetables and fruits, using special equipment (spoons, forks, tongs, etc.) in clean containers.

It is prohibited to sell bottled juices in fruit and vegetable departments.

3.8.21. At fruit and vegetable stores and in stores, it is recommended to wash root vegetables and pack them in nets and bags for sale.

3.8.22. The sale of detergents, bleaches, washing powders, pastes is allowed only in separate departments of large food stores and supermarkets under conditions that preclude the possibility of their contact with food products both on the sales floor and in warehouses.

Many milk producers have their own processing capacity or simply have the desire and time to sell milk. Oddly enough, the sale of raw milk is allowed in Russia, so the issue of collecting the necessary documents for such a business is always relevant. Milknews tells you what papers you need to collect and what you need to know about such trading.

Can I sell raw milk?
Raw milk can be sold in Russia. This applies to both cow's and goat's milk. We ourselves were very surprised, but this is true, with the exception of regional bans, which are usually introduced after an emergency. In other cases, the law does not prohibit the sale of milk in consumer containers. For example, after the discovery of foot-and-mouth disease in the Vladimir region, a ban on trade in raw milk was introduced. At the same time, cheese cannot be produced from raw milk in Russia.

It must be remembered that information about mandatory boiling must be communicated to customers in any way. In addition, in the event of any illness, poisoning or other consequences, the seller may be to blame.

Let us note that the “Technical Regulations for Milk and Dairy Products” only provide for the sale of packaged milk, however, there is a letter from Rospotrebnadzor dated October 16, 2007 No. 0100/10418-07-32 “On additional measures aimed at stabilizing the consumer market,” which details describes how to sell milk in consumer containers.

What documents are needed for trading
Before trading both pasteurized and raw milk, you need to collect a large number of documents, some of which you must present not only to the official, but also to any person upon request.

Let's start with the documents that you should always have with you and show to buyers:

You should have with you:

1. Documents with information about the supplier and his/their contact details
2. Seller documents
3. Trade permit
4. All papers on product shelf life and production date
5. Of course, you should always have with you documents on the quality of the product with notes on planned annual veterinary measures (that is, vaccinations and tests for tuberculosis, brucellosis, leukemia, subclinical mastitis and preventive treatments against hypodermatosis and fasciolillosis)
6. health certificate (that is, you need to undergo a medical examination or make sure that the seller has a health certificate)
7. certificate of sanitary treatment of the barrel
8. Seal number
9. In addition to documents, do not forget to take so-called sanitary clothing with you. You can only trade there
10. veterinary certificate Form No. 2 (this is for transporting milk to the market, it is issued by the regional station for combating animal diseases)

In addition, you need to get:

1. conclusion of the state veterinary service certifying the product’s compliance with the requirements of veterinary norms and regulations
2. conclusion of the veterinary service on compliance with all veterinary rules and regulations
3. document on quality conformity from any certified laboratory (not only Rospotrebnadzor has such)
4. passport for keeping cows

Where can you trade
You can’t just pick up and place a barrel anywhere in the city. Firstly, you cannot stand on lawns. Secondly, sell on sidewalks if the remaining width after placing the car is at least 5 meters. Moreover, the pedestrian area must necessarily have a hard surface, that is, asphalted or covered with tiles. You also cannot stand on the road without permission from the road services and an agreement with them. In the latter case, you will be required to have the display (that is, in your case, the spill) on the sidewalk.

Based on the Technical Regulations of the Customs Union, raw milk can only be sold at agricultural markets with a mandatory mention of the need for boiling and with documents confirming a veterinary and sanitary examination.