The coming year 2019 will differ from 2018 with the entry into force of new “alcohol” laws and more severe penalties for violations in this regard.

Legislators are doing their best to demonstrate their concern for the future of the Russian nation. The State Duma adopted several hundred amendments to Law 171 Federal Law. Big “alcohol” changes await producers, distributors, and consumers.

The grace period provided to manufacturers and distributors begins on January 1, 2019. alcoholic drinks. During this time, they will have to bring their business into compliance with the new amendments to the Law on the Production and Sale of Alcohol. The six-month deferment provides for the absence of sanctions for violation of updated legislation. The sanctions will take effect from July 1, 2019.

These changes will not go unnoticed by Russian buyers. According to the people's representatives, the new laws are aimed at combating the shadow production of alcoholic beverages and organizing a transparent system for monitoring production and sales. And, of course, to fight alcoholism, which has reached the scale of a national disaster.

What to expect in 2019

The changes will affect producers, retailers and buyers of alcoholic products. They have to master new format business and alcohol consumption. The regulatory authorities will have more worries, because the law affected not only the real sector of business and life, but also the global network.

The following amendments and additions will come into effect from January 1, 2019:

• It is prohibited to advertise the sale of alcohol on the Internet;
• Strict registration of equipment producing alcohol has been introduced;
• An individual is prohibited from transporting more than ten liters of unlabeled alcohol-containing products;
• The EGAIS system will begin to operate, which will provide a new principle of control over the sale of alcohol;
• The punishment for violating alcohol laws has become much more severe and includes not only huge fines.

Changes in the federal law are reflected accordingly in the Code of Administrative Violations (CAO). It is important to remember that these acts can be supplemented by local authorities in the regions of Russia.

Online Liquor Law

Starting from January 1 of the coming year, it is prohibited to advertise the sale of alcoholic beverages on the Runet. The Code of Administrative Offenses provides for liability for violation of restrictions in the form of a fine:

• Individual – three to five thousand rubles;
• Officials – 25-40 thousand rubles;
• Legal entity – 100-300 thousand rubles.

Law 149 Federal Law, as amended, provides for the blocking of Internet resources that place on their pages advertisements for the sale of alcohol-containing products and alcoholic beverages.

This measure is intended to limit the drinking of alcoholic beverages in Russia.

At the same time, the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation is developing a bill on the procedure for the online sale of alcohol, which will come into force on July 1, 2019. Currently, the sale of alcohol-containing products on the RuNet is officially prohibited. The agency believes that the ban is a fiction, since alcohol continues to be sold online. The bill provides for a control system for online sales of alcoholic beverages.

Remote sale of alcohol is possible only through the resource in the egais.ru zone. Trading platforms located in another zone will be blocked.

On registration of alcohol-producing equipment

“Alcohol” amendments to the Code of Administrative Offenses provide for the responsibility of citizens for the possession and use of unregistered technical equipment with the help of which alcohol-containing drinks are produced.

From January 1, 2019, fines for illegal alcohol-producing equipment will also apply to individuals.

Failure to register will result in a fine and confiscation of the equipment:

• Individual – three to five thousand rubles;
• Officials – 20-50 thousand rubles;
• Legal entity – 100-150 thousand rubles.

Fines are also being introduced for the use of pharmaceuticals. ethyl alcohol in the production of alcoholic products.

According to Article 14.17.2 of the Administrative Code, from January 1, 2019, the transportation of unlabeled alcohol by individuals is limited, regardless of the place of its production. Violation of the restriction entails penalties in the amount of three to five thousand rubles and confiscation of transported products.

The permissible volume of unlabeled alcohol transported by individuals across Russia is ten liters per person.

EGAIS - a new format for controlling the sale of alcohol

Successful completion of testing and implementation of the Unified State automated system(EGAIS) led to a legal transition to a global form of control over the circulation of alcoholic products. This will exclude from retail illegal alcohol.

According to analysts, two thirds of the alcohol sold in Russia is produced illegally, which jeopardizes the health of citizens and leads to huge losses in the budget.

EGAIS will create a unified database of domestic and imported alcohol. To do this, each checkout must have a special scanner connected to the database via an Internet connection. The scanner reads data from excise stamp. This information is reflected on the check.

A big advantage of EGAIS is that buyers will have access to information about the origin of each bottle of alcohol.

A bill on the introduction of a special GOST for brandy is also being discussed. This need is caused by the unprecedented turnover of illegal cognac. The corresponding amendment to Federal Law 171 will allow brandy to be distinguished in separate category alcohol products. This will increase the availability of quality alcohol and facilitate the work of regulatory authorities.

Tougher penalties for violating the alcohol law in 2019

The Administrative and Criminal Codes of the Russian Federation have received many new articles and amendments regarding the responsibility of Russians for violations of “alcohol” laws. Arrest, community service, and imprisonment were added to the disproportionate fines.

The Criminal Code was supplemented with two articles on “Illegal production of alcohol-containing products” and “Illegal sale of alcoholic products.”

The first article provides for a fine of two to three million rubles, or forced labor for one to three years, or imprisonment for up to three years. Collective violation of the law leads to a multiple increase in punishment:

• A fine of three to four million rubles;
• Forced labor – five years;
• Imprisonment - five years.

The second article on illegal sale leads to a fine in the amount of 50-80 thousand rubles. Fake excise stamps will lead to deprivation of 300-500 thousand rubles, forced labor or imprisonment for up to eight years. And this is just the tip of the iceberg, since the severity of the punishment must be proportionate to the damage caused.

The Code of Administrative Offenses of Russia expects changes in terms of collective responsibility for drugging teenagers and young people. According to sociologists, most teenagers try alcohol for the first time in the company of the older generation. Currently, responsibility for selling alcohol to minors rests only with representatives of the retail trade.

Soon, parents and guardians of schoolchildren who drink alcohol will be held administratively liable. In addition, the new bill contains a list of responsible persons. Compassionate citizens who succumbed to persuasion to buy alcohol and tobacco for a teenager ended up on this list. Legislators did not ignore sociable drinking buddies who offer a minor to “have a drink,” and who are also proposed to be held accountable.

The authorities remain unshakable regarding the previously introduced days of sobriety. In addition, regions are authorized to expand the anti-alcohol calendar. Currently, alcohol is not sold everywhere:

• On the last day of school for schoolchildren;
• During proms;
• The first of June, when Children's Day is celebrated;
• July 27, when young people celebrate their day;
• On the first day of school for schoolchildren;
• September 11 is All-Russian Day of Sobriety.

In the Ulyanovsk region, local authorities expanded the list, adding to it:

• Weekend;
• June 12 – celebration of Russia Day;
• September 12 is a day dedicated to celebrating family.

Clause five of Article 18 of Law 171 Federal Law, which imposes a limitation on the time of sale of alcohol, remained unchanged. Given the extension of the law, we should expect in 2019 a widespread ban on the sale of alcoholic beverages after 11 p.m. The resumption of alcohol sales is permitted only from eight in the morning.

Many regions have made their own contribution to expanding the sober period of the day. Thus, in the Moscow region and St. Petersburg, alcohol sales begin only at 11.00. In Yakutia and the Tula region, the sale of alcohol is allowed from 14.00. In the Saratov, Astrakhan, and Kirov regions, alcohol sales begin at 10.00

Bills to change the current age restrictions have been repeatedly submitted to the State Duma for consideration. Experts refer to international practice in developed countries and disappointing statistics on alcohol consumption in Russia.

Thus, 99 out of a hundred high school students have experience alcohol intoxication. Every day in Russia, a third of boys and a quarter of girls drink alcohol-containing drinks of various strengths. Only four percent of sixth-graders do not know the taste of alcohol.

Taking into account the successful experience of developed countries in the fight against alcoholism, the next bill proposes changing the age from 18 to 21 years. The main initiator of the bill is the Russian Ministry of Health. The bill is currently under consideration by the State Duma.

From January 1, 2019 age limit for the sale of alcohol and tobacco remains at 18 years.

Legislation of the Russian Federation, 1996, No. 3, Art. 140), Federal Law “On state regulation of the production and turnover of ethyl alcohol and alcoholic products” dated November 22, 1995 N 171-FZ (Collection of Legislation of the Russian Federation, 1995, N 48, Art. 4553) and regulate relations arising between the seller and the buyer<*>when selling alcoholic beverages in retail trade.

<*>The seller is understood as an organization, regardless of its form of ownership, as well as an individual entrepreneur who sells goods to customers under a retail purchase and sale agreement.

The buyer is understood as a citizen who intends to purchase or purchases or uses goods exclusively for personal (household) needs not related to making a profit.

2. Alcoholic products include drinking alcohol, vodka, liqueurs, cognacs (brandy), Calvados, grape wine, fruit wine and other food products containing ethyl alcohol produced from food raw materials, more than one and a half percent of the volume of a unit of alcoholic products .

3. Retail alcoholic products carried out in the presence of a license issued in the prescribed manner.

4. Sales of alcoholic products can be carried out exclusively in places determined by local governments.

The buyer must be provided with information about the license number, its validity period, as well as information about the authority that issued this license (by posting it in the sales area or by other means).

5. Retail sales of ethyl alcohol from all types of food and non-food raw materials, ethyl alcohol with non-denaturing additives, drinking alcohol (except for the regions of the Far North and equivalent areas according to the list approved by the Government of the Russian Federation), including imported alcohol, are not permitted. , alcohol-containing products according to pharmacopoeial monographs, alcohol-containing flavoring and biologically active food additives, alcoholized juices, fermented fruit wine materials, alcohol-containing semi-finished products.

6. Alcoholic products that meet the quality requirements of mandatory standards are subject to sale. technical specifications, medical and biological requirements and hygienic conclusion (certificate). The seller of these products, including imported ones, must have shipping documentation certified by the signature and seal of the manufacturer or supplier and containing information about the availability of a certificate of conformity for each product name, indicating the account and registration numbers, its validity period and the body that issued the certificate. This information must be provided to the buyer upon his request.

Certified products are marked with a mark of conformity in the manner established by the Certification Rules for groups of homogeneous products.

Alcoholic products sold on the territory of the Russian Federation, including imported ones, are accompanied by information in Russian about certification, the manufacturer’s code or its address, a mark of conformity, the names of state standards or other regulatory documents, the mandatory requirements of which these products must meet, the volume of packaging, composition, shelf life, content of substances harmful to health in comparison with the mandatory requirements of standards and contraindications for use.

In addition, for imported alcoholic products, the seller is obliged to provide, at the buyer’s request, a copy of the certificate for the cargo customs declaration with the original impressions of his seal and the seal of the previous owner of the goods.

7. The seller must have valid sanitary rules and other necessary regulatory documentation and comply with the requirements established therein.

8. The seller who sells alcoholic products is obliged to provide buyers in a clear and accessible form with information about these Rules, hours of sale of alcoholic products, their range, and consumer properties.

10. Not allowed retail sales alcoholic products:

received from a manufacturer or wholesaler who does not have the appropriate license for the production and distribution of these products;

without information about mandatory certification and not marked in the prescribed manner with a sign of conformity;

With expired shelf life, as well as alcoholic products for which an expiration date should be established, but is not;

without clear markings allowing identification of the manufacturer;

without a copy of the certificate for the cargo customs declaration (for imported products);

rejected for quality and safety reasons;

in packaging that does not comply with the requirements of regulatory documentation;

with an ethyl alcohol content of more than 18 percent by volume in polystyrene cups, cans and tetrapacks (from January 1, 1997);

foreign production, marked with trademarks of Russian manufacturers, without the importer having an appropriate license to use the trademark of Russian manufacturers (from January 1, 1997);

in bottles without labels, dirty (inside or outside), with obvious signs of damage (chipped neck, cracks), with damaged closures, with general cloudiness, foreign inclusions, sediment (except for collection wines);

in the absence of excise duty stamps and special stamps (except beer) on imported products, applied in accordance with the established procedure<*>

<*>In relation to domestically produced alcoholic products from the moment this procedure was introduced.

persons under the age of 18;

in children's, educational, religious and medical institutions and in the areas adjacent to them;

with a volumetric content of ethyl alcohol of more than 12 percent in non-specialized organizations in places of mass gatherings of citizens and sources of increased danger (train stations, airports, metro stations, military facilities) and in adjacent territories, as well as from hands, trays and vehicles, in unequipped sales tents, kiosks, pavilions and other premises not suitable for the sale of these products, in scientific and industrial organizations and in the territories adjacent to them.

Adjacent territories are determined by local governments taking into account the requirements of the relevant services.

dated 11/16/96 N 1364)

11. It is prohibited to sell alcoholic products with an ethyl alcohol content of more than 12 percent by volume in small retail trade network organizations (stalls, kiosks, tents, pavilions that do not have trading floor) and in wholesale food markets.

(as amended by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated July 14, 1997 N 867)

12. Alcoholic products must be stored in accordance with the requirements of regulatory documents for the relevant type of product.

Alcohol products are placed by groups and brands.

13. Before selling alcoholic products, the seller is obliged to check its quality by external signs.

14. When selling alcoholic products, the seller attaches price tags with the name of the product, price, including the cost of glassware and packaging, to samples of the goods available for sale. When selling wines and beer by the glass, the price tag indicates the name and price for 1 liter and 0.1 liter (for wines).

At enterprises Catering Price lists for alcoholic products must indicate: the name of the drink, the capacity of the bottle, the price for the entire capacity of the bottle, as well as for 100 or 50 grams (except for beer).

15. Workplaces of sellers, bartenders, bartenders and other persons who sell alcoholic beverages by the glass must be equipped with appropriate commercial equipment, measuring equipment, and utensils.

16. The sale of alcoholic beverages is carried out using cash registers in accordance with current legislation. The seller is obliged to issue the buyer a canceled cash receipt or other document certifying the fact of purchase.

17. The seller is responsible for improper execution of the retail purchase and sale agreement for alcoholic beverages in accordance with the Civil Code of the Russian Federation and the Law of the Russian Federation “On the Protection of Consumer Rights” as amended by Federal Law No. 2-FZ of January 9, 1996.

18. A buyer to whom alcoholic products of inadequate quality were sold, if it was not agreed upon by the seller, has the right, at his choice, to demand the replacement of such goods with goods of proper quality or a commensurate reduction in the purchase price.

Instead of presenting these requirements, the buyer has the right to refuse to fulfill the retail purchase and sale agreement and demand the return of the amount of money paid for the goods. In this case, the amount of money paid for the goods. In this case, the buyer, at the request of the seller, must return the received goods of inadequate quality.

When returning to the buyer the amount of money paid for the goods, the seller does not have the right to withhold from it the amount by which the value of the goods has decreased due to full or partial use of the goods, loss presentation or other similar circumstances.

These requirements can be presented and must be satisfied within the time frame and in the manner established by the Civil Code of the Russian Federation and the Law of the Russian Federation “On the Protection of Consumer Rights” as amended by Federal Law No. 2-FZ of January 9, 1996.

19. Sellers, managers and other officials of trade organizations for violation of the Rules for retail trade in alcoholic beverages on the territory of the Russian Federation are liable in the manner established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

20. Monitoring of compliance with these Rules is carried out by the Ministry of Foreign Economic Relations of the Russian Federation, the State Committee of the Russian Federation for Antimonopoly Policy, the State Committee of the Russian Federation for Standardization, Metrology and Certification, the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, the Federal Service of Russia for Ensuring the State Monopoly on Alcoholic Products and their territorial bodies, other federal executive bodies and their territorial bodies within their competence.

Approved
Government Decree
Russian Federation
dated August 19, 1996 N 987

Alcohol products, which include vodka, wine and, more recently, beer, are a limited commodity. This means that the production and retail sale of alcoholic beverages is possible subject to a number of requirements. The basic one is the presence of a special permit - a license. Many restrictions relate exclusively to the process of industrial production and circulation of alcohol. We will not talk about these prohibitions. The majority of the population is concerned about one simple question - if the sale of alcohol is prohibited at night, then until what hour can you legally buy alcohol in a store? Let's figure out what time the sale of alcohol in Moscow and the Moscow region is established by law?

The main federal law establishing the requirements for the production and retail sale of alcohol is 171-FZ of November 22, 1995 “On state regulation of the production and circulation of ethyl alcohol, alcoholic and alcohol-containing products...”. Article 16 of this Law lists special requirements for the retail sale of alcohol to the public. Paragraph 9 of this article states that at the federal level the sale of alcohol is prohibited from 11 pm to 8 am next day by local time. This restriction was immediately called a kind of analogue of the “prohibition law” in the Russian version.

The main “alcohol” law of the Russian Federation

It is worth noting that federal legislation establishes the right of local authorities to introduce more stringent limits on the timing of the sale of alcohol on their territory, up to and including a complete ban on the sale of alcohol. This is evidenced by paragraph 2 of paragraph 9 of Article 16 of the “main alcohol” law of the country. In many ways it is this norm became the reason for genuine consumer interest in regional times for the sale of alcohol. It differs significantly in many regions.

Exception to the rules for catering and "duty free"

The rule establishing the hours for the sale of alcohol at the federal level also introduces an exception to this rule. Thus, the ban on the sale of alcohol from 11 pm to 8 am the next day local time does not apply to public catering - cafes and restaurants, as well as duty-free shops.

Time for the sale of alcohol in Moscow and the Moscow region

Today, control over the alcohol industry is divided between Rosalkogolregulirovanie, which is under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Finance, and regional authorities. At the same time, if industrial production and turnover is placed under the control of federal officials, then retail sales are controlled by regional authorities. In this regard, in many regions local regulations, orders and laws have been issued that, along with the time of sale of alcohol, establish additional restrictions on circulation in a specific subject of the Russian Federation. You need to look for the time of sale of alcohol in a specific region there.

First, let's look at the capital's legislation. In Moscow, the regional legal act establishing restrictions and prohibitions on the sale of alcohol is Moscow Government Decree No. 1069-PP dated December 28, 2005. Appendix No. 2 of this Resolution specifies additional restrictions and conditions for the sale of alcoholic beverages in the capital. There are no references to the time of sale of alcohol in Moscow legislation.

In Moscow, the federal time limit for the sale of alcohol is from 11 pm to 8 am the next day. Thus, in the capital you can buy alcohol in a store until 11 pm.

In the Moscow region, Law No. 40/2012-OZ “On the retail sale of alcoholic beverages in the Moscow region” was adopted on April 27, 2012. According to Article 2 of this law, the Moscow Regional Duma has the right to introduce restrictions on the sale of alcohol, including a complete ban on the sale of alcohol to the population. However, currently there is no rule regarding the time of sale of alcohol in the regional law.

In the Moscow region, you cannot legally buy alcohol from 11 pm to 8 am the next day.

Let us summarize the analysis of the regional legislation of Moscow and the Moscow region on regulation retail sales alcohol. If you decide to buy alcohol in a capital or regional store, then you can do this before 11 pm and from 8 am, due to the fact that in Moscow and the Moscow region there is a federal ban on the sale of alcohol from 11 pm to 8 am the following morning. day.

Let us remind you that this ban does not apply to legal catering establishments. In this regard, during the “prohibition” law, the only way to drink “hot” drinks is to visit and order them in a restaurant, cafe or club. At the same time, these catering establishments must have the appropriate permit - a license.

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Responsibility for selling alcohol during prohibited hours

If a store seller or cashier refuses to sell alcohol within the specified time, then his actions are illegal. Unfortunately, this situation is much less common than the desire to sell alcohol to the population around the clock. To suppress the actions of enterprising alcohol sellers, the Code of Administrative Offenses provides for Part 3 of Article 14.16, which introduces a fine for violating the rules for the sale of alcohol.

The director of a store selling alcohol at night will be punished with a fine of up to 10 thousand rubles, and the store itself, as a legal entity, will be punished with a fine of up to 100 thousand rubles with confiscation of alcoholic products. There are no fines for citizens who purchase alcohol during prohibited hours.

Do not forget that most retail outlets that sell alcohol to the population at night, as a rule, operate illegally, and their alcoholic products are often of dubious quality.

The Russian Federation has had a law on the sale of alcohol since the 90s. The document stipulates the relationship between legal entities acting as sellers of alcoholic beverages, with individuals, alcohol buyers. Further in the article the latest changes to the document and rules for the sale of alcoholic beverages will be discussed.

The Federal Law “On state regulation of the production and turnover of ethyl alcohol, alcoholic and alcohol-containing products and on limiting the consumption (drinking) of alcoholic products” was adopted by the State Duma on July 19, 1995. Federation Council staff approved the document on November 15 of the same year. The act came into force on November 22, 1995. The latest changes to this Federal Law No. 171 were made on July 3, 2016.

Federal Law No. 171 regulates the legal basis for the production of ethyl alcohol and alcohol-containing products. The bill also establishes restrictions on alcohol consumption. The purpose of this law is the protection of morality, health, rights and legitimate interests of citizens. At the Federation level, this document pursues the goal of protecting the economic interests of the Russian Federation.

The Federal Sales Law consists of strong alcohol from 4 chapters and 27 articles:

Chapter 1(Article 1-7) indicates the general provisions of the legislative act - scope, legal regulation, powers of state authorities in relation to alcoholic products.

Chapter 2(Article 8-17) indicates the requirements for the manufacture of products containing ethyl alcohol - rules for using special equipment, necessary documents.

Chapter 3(Articles 18-22) indicates the procedure for licensing activities for the production and circulation of alcoholic products - termination of the license, restoration of the license.

Chapter 4(Articles 23-27) indicates control over the activities of organizations involved in the production and sale of alcoholic products - licensing control, state supervision, public control.

The alcohol law does not apply to:

• individuals who manufacture alcohol-containing products for their own consumption, not for sales purposes;
• for registered medicinal products containing alcohol;
• for pharmacies involved in the production medicines containing ethyl alcohol;
• production and use of products containing alcohol not suitable for internal consumption, contained in metal packaging with a volume of no more than 450 ml;
• import and export from Russian territory of alcohol intended for the use of official missions of foreign states or diplomatic missions;
• import and export of alcohol used as samples at the exhibition.

The above alcoholic products are subject to other legislative acts.

Recent changes to the law on alcohol sales

This Federal Law has been in force since 1995. Since its publication, it has undergone many changes, additions and amendments. The latest edition of the legislative act was dated July 3, 2016.

Article 8 of Federal Law No. 171

This article describes the principles of using special equipment for the production and sale of ethyl alcohol. The first paragraph of this article states that legal entities, individual entrepreneurs, and farms are required to have a certificate for the equipment they use. The 2nd paragraph states that all equipment used must be equipped with measurement sensors to record the alcohol concentration in the product. Clause 2.1 (an addition was made to this clause in 2016 in the form of subclause 3) states that all special equipment must be equipped with means of recording and transmitting data to a unified state automated information system.

Article 11 of the Federal Law on the sale of alcohol

The provisions of the article under consideration stipulate a list of special requirements that are imposed on organizations that produce and sell alcoholic products. The special requirements are:

• Licensed organizations have the right to produce alcoholic beverages. Wine making, sparkling wine agricultural producers have the right to carry out taking into account that alcoholic products are produced from their own grapes;
• The volume of wine (sparkling wine) produced by one producer per year should not exceed 5,000 deciliters;
• Legal entities and individual entrepreneurs have the right to carry out retail sales of alcohol;
• For the production of alcohol, according to the law, it is allowed to use only ethyl alcohol made from food raw materials.

In the last edition in 2016, no changes were made to this article.

Over the past few years (since 2013), changes have been made to this Law No. 171:

• there was a ban on advertising strong alcoholic drinks in print and on the Internet;
• prices for the cheapest vodka were increased by 40%;
• All alcohol products must have a warning about the health hazards caused by excessive consumption;
• restrictions were introduced on places for drinking alcoholic beverages;
• At night it is prohibited to sell alcohol, except beer with an alcohol content of less than 5%.

Rules for the sale of alcoholic beverages in the Russian Federation

According to the law “On state regulation of the production and turnover of ethyl alcohol, alcoholic and alcohol-containing products and on limiting the consumption (drinking) of alcoholic products,” it is allowed to sell alcoholic products to legal entities (CJSC, OJSC) and Individual Entrepreneurs with a special license. In addition to the license, the alcohol seller must have in order all the documents specified in Article 10.2 of this law.

According to the provisions of Article 16 of this Federal Law on the sale of alcohol-containing substances, It is prohibited to sell alcohol:

• without necessary documents— certificate, license, declarations, etc.;
• remotely, for example, via the Internet;
• in a polymer container with a volume of more than 1.5 liters.

Based on the text of Federal Law 171, alcohol is prohibited from being sold to citizens, under 18 years of age. If the seller has doubts about the buyer’s age, he has the right to ask for a document certifying the citizen’s age. According to the law, the requested documents may include:

• internal passport of the Russian Federation;
• Russian passport;
• driver license;
• military ID;
• passport of a citizen of another country;
• resident card.

Permitted hours for selling alcohol

According to the provisions of the Federal Law on the Sale of Alcoholic Products, there is a time limit on the sale of alcoholic beverages. When selling alcoholic beverages, you must comply time established by law:

• in Moscow and in most cities of Russia - from 23.00 to 8.00 - you cannot sell alcohol;
• in the Moscow region - from 21.00 to 11.00;
• in St. Petersburg - from 22.00 to 11.00;
• in Novosibirsk - from 22.00 to 9.00.

According to the law, during the above period of time it is prohibited to sell strong alcoholic drinks, with the exception of:

• beer, no more than 5% strength;
• beer drinks;
• cider;
• poire;
• mead.

Retail nuances

The nuances of retail trade in alcoholic beverages include not only the availability of all documentation and compliance with the temporary regime, but also great importance is a place where alcohol is sold. Places where the sale of alcohol is prohibited:

• in buildings carrying out educational activities, training, providing medical services;
• in the area that surrounds buildings and structures leading educational, medical, cultural, training activities;
• at sports facilities and adjacent areas;
• at wholesale and retail markets, with the exception of retail sales by agricultural producers;
• at transport stops, metro stations, gas stations;
• in public transport;
• in buildings and structures and territories adjacent to them, intended for command and control of troops, for constructing combat positions, etc.;
• at train stations;
• at airports and in areas adjacent to them;
• in areas where sources of increased danger are located;
• on the territory of public mass events.

The procedure for selling alcoholic beverages wholesale

According to the Federal Law “On state regulation of the production and turnover of ethyl alcohol, alcoholic and alcohol-containing products and on limiting the consumption (drinking) of alcoholic products,” the wholesale sale of alcoholic products implies the implementation of a certain procedure.

Procedure for selling alcohol-containing products:

• purchase of alcohol;
• storage of goods;
• supply of goods to retail stores in wholesale quantities.

To carry out wholesale trade in such goods, you must obtain an appropriate license from a specialized institution - the Federal Service for Regulation of the Alcohol Market. The issued license is valid for a five-year period from the date of its issue by the authorized body. To receive it, the wholesale company is required to pay a state fee in the amount of 800,000 rubles.

Before sending alcoholic products to retail outlets, wholesale company employees must ensure that all packaging complies with legal standards. According to the law, upon sale, The packaging must indicate:

• information about the products that make up the alcoholic drink, listing the ingredients;
• nutritional value of alcohol;
• all existing contraindications for the use of alcoholic beverages;
• place of manufacture;
• date of manufacture;
• best before date.

According to the law, if, when purchasing alcohol, the buyer does not find all the necessary information on the bottle, then he has the right to apply for consumer protection.

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All sellers, both wholesale and retail, are required to follow all rules and principles when selling alcoholic beverages. They must comply with the rules based on the license issued to them by a specialized agency. State authorities have the right to make changes and establish bans on the sale of any type of alcohol. These state powers are indicated in Federal Law No. 171 in Article 16.

Violations of the principles and rules for the sale of alcoholic beverages entail administrative liability. Penalties are levied in accordance with the provisions of Article 14.16 of Russia. Based on the text of 14.16, for violations of the provisions of Federal Law No. 171, fines in the amount of 10,000 - 500,000 rubles are levied.

To carry out the wholesale or retail sale of alcoholic beverages, you need to know all the provisions of the Federal Law “On state regulation of the production and turnover of ethyl alcohol, alcoholic and alcohol-containing products and on limiting the consumption (drinking) of alcoholic products.” You can download the latest version of this law at

The Law on the Sale of Alcohol, also known as Federal Law No. 171-FZ of November 22, 1995, was adopted in Russia not by chance. Unfortunately, our country is at the top of the world rankings for alcohol consumption. It's no secret that alcoholism is one of the most important problems in our society, and various government officials also regularly focus on this.

One of the most effective levers for reducing the amount of alcohol consumed on average in the country is to limit its sale at the legislative level. Due to the fact that measures of this kind have already been taken, the question of when it is prohibited to sell alcohol is of interest to both those who sell it and those who plan to consume it. Of course, there is a special law on the sale of alcohol, but not everyone bothers to open it and understand everything. Below is all the information in a more accessible and understandable form.

The concept of "alcohol"

In order to competently use and follow the law on the sale of alcohol, it is necessary to clearly understand what exactly falls under the concept of “alcoholic drink”. The law we are interested in is Federal Law No. 171-FZ of November 22, 1995. In fact, all drinks that contain 0.5% ethyl alcohol or its fermentation products are officially alcoholic - Art. 2 FZ-171. However, there is a small supply. This concept does not include all products in which the percentage of alcohol does not exceed 1.2%. For example, alcohol may be contained in such small quantities in fermented milk products (kefir, tan, kumiss), as well as in kvass. It is worth noting that some types of kvass contain even more alcohol than 1.2%, but they are still not classified as alcoholic beverages.

By product type

In addition, all products that are officially positioned as non-alcoholic and have passed the appropriate test are not subject to the law on the sale of alcohol. The most common options for this are non-alcoholic beer and non-alcoholic wine. They usually still contain ethanol, but its share rarely exceeds half a percent, and therefore such drinks are not subject to the said Federal Law.

The main list of alcoholic beverages is specified in the above-mentioned federal law and other regulations. To put it simply, any liquid that contains alcohol is officially subject to the law on the sale of alcohol. In particular:

• wine;
• liquor;
• port wine;
• whiskey;
• cognac;
• vodka;
• brandy;
• absinthe;
• tequila;
• Calvados;
• any alcohol tinctures;
• beer.

Beer

The beer is worth a special mention. For some reason, many people believe that beer is not subject to the law on the sale of alcohol due to its low alcohol content. The same thing is often thought about various low-alcohol products, energy drinks alcohol based, and so on. As a rule, the alcohol content in such drinks is at the level of 3-4% or even higher, so there is no reason to make an exception for them. From a legal point of view of the law in question, the sale of 3.5 percent beer is equivalent to the sale of 70 percent chacha. But you need to understand that for the sale of beer there are exceptions specified in other regulations. Therefore, if you decide to engage in retail beer trade, study the legislation more carefully, in particular Federal Law-289.

Normative base

The Law on the Sale of Alcohol, which, by the way, was amended in 2019 (came into force on August 6, 2017), is the main regulatory act that regulates the sale of any alcoholic beverages.

One of the most important points of this law is limiting the age of persons to whom alcohol can be sold. In any instance, it is 18 years old. An exception is made only for those cases when a person has officially entered into marriage, or has opened his own private enterprise. In such cases, he is officially considered an adult and capable of taking responsibility for his actions. However, even if, for example, a marriage certificate is presented, store sellers very often refuse to sell alcohol to a client.

Requirements for premises and documents

Another very interesting point of the law is the limitation of the area of ​​​​premises in which alcohol can be sold. The law prohibiting the sale of alcohol prohibits the sale of alcoholic beverages in an establishment whose area is less than 50 square meters. Outside the city limits, this limit is reduced to 25 square meters. This information is regulated by various articles of the law, but in fact, for understanding, it is worth immediately studying 278-FZ - it is in it that the main amendments regarding changes in some premises are spelled out.

It is worth noting that there have always been plenty of people willing to circumvent the law on the sale of alcohol in Russia. A common scheme is to try to buy alcohol online. At the same time, the courier brings the client not only the drink itself, but also a rental agreement, which is a cover. According to this document, alcohol is allegedly transferred to a person for rent as decorative element. At the same time, according to the contract, the recipient does not have the right to damage or open it. However, this scheme is now being easily figured out by law enforcement officials. The lease agreement is recognized as having been drawn up to conceal the real purchase and sale agreement, after which the selling company is held accountable. In some cases, even the buyer may be attracted if he directly participated in the implementation of the scheme, fully aware of the fact that it is illegal.

Lawyer at the Legal Defense Board. He specializes in administrative and civil cases, compensation for damages from insurance companies, consumer protection, as well as cases related to the illegal demolition of shells and garages.