Names of tablets for alcohol poisoning of the adsorbent group

Activated carbon

Pharmacodynamics:

Specially processed coal of plant or animal origin. Has high surface activity. It has the properties to absorb (adsorb) harmful substances (toxins), gases, as well as salts of heavy metals, synthetic and natural alkaloids, hypnotics, poisons, phenol derivatives, glycosides, hydrocyanic acid, etc.

Indications for use of activated carbon:

1. Intoxication, manifested in the form of dyspepsia, flatulence (bloating), diarrhea, heartburn.
2. Exacerbations of allergic diseases of various etiologies.
3. Diseases of the digestive organs of infectious origin (dysentery, salmonellosis).
4. Poisoning from medications, poor-quality food and toxic metals.
5. Hepatitis.
6. Intoxication caused by psychotropic or narcotic substances, as well as alcoholic substances.

Directions for use and dosage:

For any poisoning, 25 g of activated carbon is prescribed as a suspension (crush the tablets and stir in boiled water at room temperature). A similar suspension is used during the gastric lavage procedure. In addition, in case of poisoning, a mixture is prescribed in the following proportion: 2 parts of activated carbon, 1 part of magnesium oxide and 1 part of tannin (2 tablespoons per glass of water). If flatulence or heartburn occurs, take 2 g of activated charcoal mixed in heated water.

Side effects when used:

Taking activated carbon can cause diarrhea or constipation, and the development of a lack of fats, vitamins and proteins. Due to its adsorbing properties, this drug reduces the effectiveness of other medications.

Contraindications for use of the drug:

Storage conditions:

Store in a dry place, away from products that emit vapors and gases.

Polysorb

Pharmacodynamics:

Has adsorbent properties. Binds and removes endogenous or exogenous toxins and allergens (bacterial and food) from organs. As well as highly toxic substances resulting from the breakdown of protein in the intestinal organs. Promotes the transport of toxic substances into the intestines from lymph and blood.

The following indications for which Polysorb is used:

• Infectious intestinal diseases (salmonellosis, escherichiosis, other food infections).
• Hepatitis of viral origin.
• Various poisonings (including alcohol intoxication).

Methods of application and dosage:

Polysorb is taken orally in the form of a suspension. The suspension is prepared in this way: 1 tablespoon of powder (1.2 g) is stirred in 1 glass of boiled water. Take one hour before meals and medications. The daily dosage is about 12g. In case of exacerbation, the dose is increased to 24 g (divided into 4-5 doses). You can take about 7g of the drug at a time.

Contraindications:

• Cannot be prescribed to children under one year of age.
• The presence of ulcerative and erosive damage to the intestinal mucosa.
• Peptic ulcers during exacerbation.
• Contraindicated in case of individual intolerance to the medication.
• Pregnancy.

Interactions with other substances:

When taken simultaneously with acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), the process of breakdown of microelements increases. Also, when consuming Polysorb, the pharmacodynamic properties of nicotinic acid are enhanced.

Storage conditions:

Stored in sealed bottles. The room temperature should not exceed 25 degrees Celsius. Keep away from children.

Shelf life:

Dry powder can be stored for up to 3 years. The prepared suspension can be used before 24 hours have passed. The temperature should be approximately 10-15 degrees Celsius.

Carbolong

Carbolong is produced in powdered form of activated carbon obtained from fruit seeds. Has high sorbent properties.

Method and dose of application:

Carbolong is used at a dose of 5-8g per dose, 3 times a day. It is advisable to take from 2 to 15 days. Used orally as a mixture of powder and water. You can also use dry powder (with a glass of water).

Names of tablets for alcohol poisoning symptomatic group

Zorex

Pharmacodynamics:

It has high detoxification, antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties. The main active substances that are included in the structure of Zorex are unithiol and calcium pantothenate. As a result of the interaction of unithiol and the breakdown products of ethanol (other poisons), non-toxic complexes are formed, which the body gets rid of in the urine. The presence of calcium pantothenate increases the effectiveness of the detoxifying action of Zorex.

Pharmacokinetics:

As a result of taking this drug, its highest concentration in the body occurs after an hour and a half. The maximum plasma concentration of Zorex lasts approximately 9 hours. The duration of stay in the digestive organs is several minutes (20-25). The time required for ethanol and other toxins to break down is about 8 hours. On average, 55% of the drug is excreted from the body in urine, the rest is excreted in excrement.

When is ZOREX indicated:

• Alcoholism in the chronic stage.
• Acute poisoning from alcohol-containing drinks.
• Poisoning caused by drugs from the group of cardiac glycosides.
• Intoxication with toxic metals.

Directions for use, doses:

Taken before meals.

When treating alcoholism: take 1 capsule 2 times a day (treatment duration is 10 days).

In the treatment of acute alcohol poisoning: a similar dosage is prescribed - 1 capsule 2 times a day. In case of exacerbation, the dose can be increased: 1 capsule 3 times a day. The duration of the course of therapy is several days (until the symptoms of poisoning disappear).

When treating poisoning with toxic metals and arsenic compounds, the daily dose is increased: 350-1000 mg divided into 3 doses. Must be taken for at least 7 days.

Side effect:

In cases of taking increased doses, the following symptoms may be observed: rapid heartbeat, nausea, weakness. Also, very rarely, allergic-type skin reactions can develop.

It is not recommended to take if the patient is hypersensitive to this drug. Also, the use of Zorex is contraindicated if a person suffers from diseases associated with insufficient functioning of the kidneys and liver.

Overdose of the drug:

Exceeding the dose by several times (10 or more) can lead to convulsions, shortness of breath, a feeling of lethargy and lethargy. In this case, it is necessary to rinse the stomach, take a laxative and activated charcoal.

Interaction of Zorex with other drugs:

The simultaneous use of Zorex with products that contain toxic metals and alkalis leads to an increase in the rate of decomposition of the drug.

Storage conditions:

Zorex should be stored in a dark place, away from moisture. Temperature - no higher than 25 degrees Celsius. Children's access to the storage area must be limited.

Biotredin

Refers to combination drugs. Biotredin consists of L-threonine and vitamin B6 (pyridoxine hydrochloride). This remedy increases mental activity and normalizes the metabolic process. Helps relieve symptoms of acute alcohol poisoning and chronic alcohol dependence.

Indications for use:

• Used to treat alcoholism in the chronic stage.
• Constant craving for drinking alcohol.
• A condition resulting from a sudden cessation of alcohol intake (withdrawal syndrome).
• Decreased mental abilities.

Directions for use and dosage:

To neutralize the craving for alcohol, 0.1-0.3 g of Biotredin is prescribed per dose. Take 4 times a day (5-7 days). The course of treatment can be repeated several times (7-10) a year.

To relieve alcohol withdrawal syndrome, up to 4 tablets can be prescribed. 4r/day. In subsequent days of therapy, the dose is reduced - 2 tablets. 3 rubles/day. Take for at least 1 month.

Contraindications for use:

Limontar

Pharmacodynamics:

The complex medicine Limontar consists of citric and succinic acids.

Helps normalize metabolic processes in body tissues. It has high antioxidant activity. Stimulates the release of hydrochloric acid in the stomach, improves appetite. Relieves the symptoms of alcohol poisoning and increases the overall performance of the body.

Used to prevent alcohol intoxication. And also for withdrawal from binge drinking in chronic alcoholism.

Methods of application and dosage:

• Limontar is intended for internal use. Used in the form of a suspension with water or juice.
• For the purpose of preventive measures, take 0.25 g of the drug 1 hour before drinking alcohol.
• For acute alcohol intoxication, use 0.25 g (number of doses - 4 times) every 2 hours.
• When recovering from a drunken state, Limontar (0.25 g) is taken 4 times a day for 5 to 10 days.
• It should be noted that when this drug is used simultaneously with tranquilizers or barbiturates, the pharmacological effect of the latter is reduced.

By-effect:

When taking Limontar, signs of increased blood pressure may occur: tinnitus, dizziness, headache in the back of the head. As well as the appearance of painful sensations in the stomach area.

The drug should be stored in a dark, dry place.

Yantavit

Pharmachologic effect:

The composition of the dietary supplement Yantavita is based on succinic acid, which has high adaptogenic properties. The action of Yantavit is aimed at strengthening the protective functions of the body, normalizing all metabolic processes, has an antihypoxic regenerative effect, and also improves the functioning of all organs and systems in cases of exposure to unfavorable factors.

Indications for use:

• Stressful state.
• Physical or mental fatigue.
• The period of treatment and rehabilitation of serious illnesses.
• Acute poisoning by toxic elements, including alcohol).
• Relieving hangover symptoms.

How to use and dosage:

For adults, the optimal dose per day is 1.0 g of the drug. Yantavit should be taken 1 tablet 2 times a day - morning and afternoon (during meals). You should not take it in the evening, as Yantavit has a tonic effect on the body. The duration of the course is at least 1 month. In the middle of the course of therapy (after 2 weeks), you need to take a break for 3 days. For good results, it is necessary to repeat the course of treatment every 3 months.

Metadoxyl

Phramacodynamics:

It has a high detoxification and hepatoprotective effect.

Activates liver enzymes alcohol dehydrogenase and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, which are involved in the metabolism of ethanol, which leads to an acceleration of the process of elimination of ethanol and acetaldehyde.

Inhibits the formation of liver cirrhosis due to inhibition of the synthesis of fibronectin and collagen. Improves thinking and memory, reduces the risk of developing depressive disorders.

It is used in the treatment of alcoholism in acute and chronic stages. Also when undergoing a course of treatment for liver diseases caused by prolonged exposure to toxins on hepatocytes.

Pharmacological form of release - tablets, ampoules.

Directions for use: once orally (1 to 2 tablets), intravenously or intramuscularly (1-2 ampoules of 0.5 ml).

Contraindications for use:

Pregnancy, Parkinson's disease, hypersensitivity to the drug.

Glycine

Pharmachologic effect:

Glycine calms the nervous system, improves mood and relieves depression. Stimulates mental abilities and improves sleep quality. Increases antitoxic activity in case of drug poisoning, as well as alcohol poisoning.

Indications for use:

• Malaise and increased fatigue.
• Sleep disturbances caused by increased nervous agitation.
• Nervous disorders (also those caused by the long-term influence of alcohol).
• Nervousness as a result of stressful situations.
• Consequences of TBI.

What are the methods of use and dosage:

Glycine in tablet form is taken under the tongue (sublingual) or per cheek (buccal) 1 tablet. 3 rubles/day. The duration of the treatment course is at least 1 month. When treating diseases associated with alcohol addiction, the course of treatment is periodically repeated.

Glycine is contraindicated for children under 2 years of age, patients with low blood pressure, and people who are hypersensitive to this drug.

Names of anti-nausea pills for alcohol poisoning

Anestezin

It has a local anesthetic pharmacological effect.

Indications, for which the use is prescribed:

• Spasmodic pain in the stomach area.
• Nausea caused by alcohol poisoning.
• Redness and itching of the skin.

Methods of use and dosage:

For internal use, anesthesin is used in the form of powder and tablets. For stomach pain or nausea, 0.3 g of the drug is prescribed with a frequency of use of 4 times a day. To relieve unpleasant symptoms of skin diseases, ointments and powders (5-10%) are used for external use.

Anesthesin is contraindicated in case of increased hypersensitivity to the drug.

Validol

This drug has a calming effect on the nervous system, as well as a reflex vasodilator effect on blood vessels. Thanks to the presence of menthol, it reduces the likelihood of developing a gag reflex.

Indications for use of the drug:

• Ischemic heart diseases.
• The occurrence of nausea and vomiting as a result of alcohol intoxication.
• Increased nervousness, hysteria.

Methods of use and dosage:

Validol is available in tablet form (0.06 g) and in the form of a solution. Used sublingually - place 1 validol tablet under the tongue. You can also use a solution (5-6 drops). Due to this method of application, the pharmacological effect develops quite quickly.

Storage conditions:

Storage temperature - 20 degrees. If validol is stored in the form of a solution, then the bottles must be hermetically sealed.

Metoclopramide (Cerucal)

Pharmacodynamics:

This drug has an antiemetic and antihiccup effect, and activates the motor activity of the gastrointestinal tract. By blocking central and peripheral D2-dopamine receptors it has an antiemetic effect. It has a beneficial effect on the functional efficiency of the digestive tract.

Indications for which it is used:

• Vomiting, nausea of ​​various origins, with the exception of vestibular etiology.
• Acute and chronic stages of diseases of organs involved in digestive processes: flatulence, GERB, biliary dyskinesia.
• Headache.
• Diagnostic studies.

Methods of application and therapeutic doses:

This drug is intended for both internal and parenteral use.

Internal use: 1 tablet. 3 times a day 15-20 minutes before meals.

Parenteral use: 1 ampoule 2 times a day.

For diagnostic studies: 2 ampoules of metoclopramide (20 mg) are administered intravenously. Take 30 mg of the drug orally 20 minutes before the start of the procedure.

Side effect of the drug:

They occur extremely rarely. Sometimes you may feel drowsy. For this reason, it should be taken with caution by people who engage in activities that require maximum concentration. The effects of carcinogenicity and mutagenicity have been proven.

Metoclopramide should be stored in a dry, dark place. Keep away from children.

Anti-alcohol poisoning pills only make it easier to cope with a hangover. In case of acute intoxication, you first need to remove the person from the state of intoxication - flush the stomach or induce vomiting artificially. Only after this can medications be added. If you drink alcohol constantly and for a long time (chronic alcoholism), you should consult a narcologist. The best option is not to get carried away with strong drinks. Then pills for alcohol poisoning will not be needed, nor will visits to the doctor. Good health to you!

Symptoms following alcohol poisoning occur for several reasons. We will talk about them below. It should also be noted that such unpleasant signs of intoxication are pronounced. It's quite difficult not to notice them.

general information

Alcohol poisoning (symptoms and treatment at home will be described below) occupies a leading position in our country among all household poisonings. In more than 60% of cases, this condition leads to death. Most of them (about 95-98%) occur before medical care is provided.

So how to recognize the symptoms of severe alcohol poisoning and what measures to take to avoid tragic consequences? You will learn about this in the presented article.

What is alcohol?

Alcohol is the name given to drinks that contain ethanol (wine or a chemical colorless and volatile substance of moderate toxic activity that is easily flammable. Ethanol can be mixed with ordinary water in any quantity. It is easily soluble in fats, and also easily penetrates biological membranes and quickly spreads throughout the body.

Intoxication, poisoning, intoxication

Alcohol intoxication is a special state of the human nervous system, which occurs as a result of drinking drinks containing ethanol.

There are four degrees of intoxication:

• lung;
• average;
• heavy;
• coma.

At the initial stage, this state is manifested by an unreasonably joyful and also elevated mood (that is, euphoria). The consciousness of the intoxicated person is preserved (small disturbances may be observed). After some time, thinking processes slow down. In addition, a person’s mental and physical activity decreases, his consciousness is depressed, and he becomes slow, lethargic and drowsy.

When coma develops, they speak of severe alcohol poisoning.

As for severe intoxication, this condition is associated with the toxic effect of ethanol breakdown products on the human body.

What are the symptoms of alcohol poisoning?

Speaking about the signs of alcohol poisoning, one cannot help but note the fact that they can manifest themselves in different ways. It depends on the amount you drink and the quality of the drinks. In addition, the symptom of alcohol poisoning is closely related to which human system or organ has been exposed to toxic effects.

Gastrointestinal tract

With primary damage to the digestive system, a person experiences abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea and nausea. What is associated with each of the listed symptoms of alcohol poisoning?

Abdominal pain occurs due to the direct damaging effect of ethanol on the mucous membrane of the small intestine and stomach.

Diarrhea occurs due to a disruption in the absorption of minerals, water and fats, as well as a rapidly occurring deficiency of the enzyme that is necessary for the absorption of lactose.

Nausea is a sign of general intoxication.

As for vomiting, most often it is central in nature. In other words, it is associated with the toxic effect of alcohol on the central nervous system.

CNS

When the nervous system is damaged, a person experiences: mental agitation, delirium, euphoria, impaired coordination of movements, hallucinations, increased sweating, convulsions, decreased body temperature, dilated pupils, impaired attention, thermoregulation, as well as speech and perception.

Each mentioned symptom of alcohol poisoning is associated with impaired metabolism of nerve cells, oxygen starvation, the damaging effect of ethanol on the cells of the central nervous system and the toxic effect of intermediate products of the breakdown of alcohol (acetate, acetaldehyde,

SSS

The first signs of alcohol poisoning from the heart are:

• decrease in blood pressure;
• cardiopalmus;
• dizziness;
• facial redness;
• general weakness;
• pale skin;
• malaise.

The appearance of such symptoms is explained by the fact that the patient loses a lot of fluid during diarrhea or vomiting. Also, due to the increased permeability of the vascular walls, fluid from the vascular bed passes into the space between the cells. To compensate for the volume of blood (circulating), the human body includes the following compensatory mechanisms: narrowing of peripheral vessels and increased heart rate. Thanks to this, the blood is redistributed and saturates more important organs.

Respiratory tract

How does alcohol poisoning affect the respiratory system? Symptoms of such a lesion are expressed as follows:

• acute respiratory failure;
• noisy and rapid breathing.

The listed symptoms arise due to damage to the respiratory center, the development of cerebral edema and metabolic disorders. The occurrence of acute is associated with retraction of the tongue, entry of vomit into the respiratory tract and reflex spasm of the bronchi and larynx.

Renal system

With kidney damage, the patient experiences increased urination or, conversely, decreased urine formation (sometimes to complete absence).

Such conditions are associated with the fact that by reducing secretion (of the hypothalamus, which retains water in the body), ethanol increases the process of urination. In addition, alcohol promotes the removal of calcium, potassium, and magnesium from the human body, disrupting their absorption in the intestines. Thus, a deficiency of these elements occurs.

In severe cases, ethanol damages the kidney structure.

Liver damage

Symptoms of alcoholic liver poisoning are also pronounced. These include severe pain in the right hypochondrium, as well as yellowing of the skin and sclera. Such signs arise due to the damaging effect of ethanol on liver cells and disruption of intracellular metabolism.

Acute alcohol poisoning: symptoms

In case of severe poisoning, the patient may fall into a coma. At the same time, he loses consciousness and also does not respond to any external stimuli (for example, loud sounds, patting his cheeks, tingling sensations, etc.).

A concentration of alcohol in the systemic circulation of 3 g/l or higher causes coma. Currently, there are two phases: superficial and deep. Let's look at their symptoms in more detail.

• Superficial coma.

This condition is characterized by: loss of consciousness, floating movements of the eyeballs, decreased pain sensitivity, excessive salivation, pupils of different sizes (constricted - dilated), reaction to irritation with protective movements or changes in facial expressions, rapid heartbeat, redness of the skin and eye membranes, shortness of breath .

• Deep coma.

Symptoms of alcohol surrogate poisoning are very often accompanied by loss of pain sensitivity, decreased body temperature, absence of tendon reflexes, convulsions, loss of muscle tone, decreased blood pressure, pallor or cyanosis of the skin, decreased depth and frequency of breathing, and a pronounced increase in heart rate.

Severity of alcohol intoxication

Symptoms of alcohol poisoning can be mild or severe. What does this depend on? We will answer the question posed right now.

• Amount drunk. When large dosages of ethanol enter the human body, especially at one time, the liver does not have time to process it. Thus, the products of incomplete alcohol breakdown accumulate in the blood, after which they damage vital organs such as the brain, liver, kidneys, heart and others.
• Age. Children and the elderly are the most sensitive to the effects of alcohol. This is due to the fact that adolescents have not yet developed all the necessary neutralization mechanisms, and in old people they no longer perform their function in the required capacity.
• Individual intolerance. Personal intolerance to ethanol and, as a consequence, the rapid development of intoxication is especially common in people. This is due to the fact that they have reduced activity of a special enzyme, which is necessary for the complete breakdown of alcohol.
• Pregnancy, malnutrition, fatigue, diseases of the pancreas, liver and diabetes. Such conditions reduce the work and neutralizing function of the main cleansing organ (liver).
• Combination of alcohol and medications. The toxic effect of alcohol increases several times when taken simultaneously with drugs such as tranquilizers, sleeping pills, antidepressants, NSAIDs and others.
• Additives and impurities. The toxic effect of alcohol is increased by additives and impurities such as methyl alcohol, aldehydes, higher alcohols, ethylene glycol, furfural and others.
• Ethanol consumption on an empty stomach. When drinking alcohol on an empty stomach, it is absorbed into the blood in half the dose, which can lead to severe poisoning.

What to do if intoxicated?

Now you know why alcohol poisoning occurs. Symptoms and treatment of this condition are presented in this article.

If you notice that your friend feels sick after drinking alcohol, you should immediately call an ambulance. This is due to the following points:

• A severe pathological condition caused by alcohol intoxication quite often leads to death.
• Only an experienced doctor is able to assess the condition of the victim and prescribe treatment.
• Treatment of poisoning requires the use of a number of medications.
• In most cases, treatment of severe alcohol intoxication is carried out in the intensive care unit or intensive care unit.

First aid at home

How should alcohol poisoning be treated (symptoms and treatment for this condition are described in this article)? First, you need to call a specialist. While the doctor is on the way, it is necessary to provide first aid to the victim. What is it?

• Ensuring airway patency. To do this, you need to remove the patient’s tongue (if it is retracted), and then clean the oral cavity. If possible, use a rubber bulb. If excessive salivation occurs, the patient should be given 1.0-0.1% atropine intravenously. These measures are necessary to ensure adequate oxygen supply and prevent blockage of the upper respiratory tract.
• Place the victim in the correct position (on his side) and fix his tongue (for example, press with a finger or a spoon).
• Perform artificial respiration and indirect cardiac massage (in case of respiratory and cardiac arrest). Such procedures must be carried out until the heartbeat and breathing appear.
• Bring the victim to consciousness if he has lost consciousness. To do this, you need to bring cotton wool with ammonia to the patient’s nose.
• Induce vomiting (only if the person is conscious). To do this, he needs to be given a saline solution or a special vomiting agent. This procedure is effective only in the first hours after drinking ethanol.

If the above methods do not help, then resort to the following:

• Gastric lavage. The victim is given the maximum amount of water, and then pressure is applied to the root of the tongue.
• Warming the patient. The person is placed in a warm bed and wrapped in a blanket.
• Reception of adsorbent. The victim is given sorbents that can absorb various types of toxins. They accelerate the neutralization and removal of alcohol from the body.

Medicines for the treatment of alcohol poisoning

In a hospital, the victim may be prescribed the following medications:

• The drug "Metadoxil" intramuscularly. This is a medication that was created specifically for the treatment of alcohol poisoning. It increases the activity of enzymes that are responsible for the utilization of ethanol. Thus, the product in question accelerates the processing and removal of alcohol. In addition, it restores liver cells and improves the mental state of the victim.
• Vitamins and glucose mixed in one syringe. This cocktail improves metabolic processes and also accelerates the neutralization and elimination of ethanol. In addition, it reduces the risk of alcohol-related psychosis.
• Droppers for water-mineral balance. They improve blood circulation through the vessels, and also help restore the necessary water and mineral balance.

It should also be noted that symptoms of alcohol poisoning of the pancreas and liver require the use of hepatoprotectors. Such medications improve the functioning of these organs, restore damaged cells and accelerate the neutralization of ethanol.

Often, for alcohol intoxication, doctors use the drugs Pyrozol and Fomepizole. These are the newest antidotes used for poisoning with ethylene glycol and methyl alcohol. They reduce the activity of the liver enzyme and interrupt the formation of toxic elements.

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What to do if you are poisoned by alcohol?

Hello, dear readers! A lot of words have been written about the dangers and benefits of alcoholic beverages, but do we know everything about the consequences of violent feasts? And do you know the dangers of alcohol poisoning and what to do at home to preserve a person’s health and sometimes life?

I would like to note that this article is devoted specifically to severe poisoning, in which a person’s life is in real danger. If you just want to get rid of a hangover, then this will help you. Read about methyl alcohol poisoning.

Causes of poisoning

As usual, there are two causes of poisoning from alcoholic and alcohol-containing drinks: excessive dosage and consumption of low-quality, surrogate or counterfeit drinks. If you don’t plan to spend the next couple of weeks in a hospital bed in a drug treatment unit, you need to know the symptoms of alcohol intoxication and how to deal with them.

It must be emphasized that from a medical point of view, any drinking of alcoholic beverages is nothing more than poisoning of the body. According to chemical processes, intoxication occurs after consuming 100-150 ml. drink

If you stop in time, the poisoning will manifest itself as morning body aches, headaches, indigestion and other hangover factors, which are quite possible to survive. But often the brakes begin to fail even at the beginning of libations, which leads to dire consequences.

For ease of classification, doctors divided the signs of poisoning into: primary, secondary and severe. Let's look at each one separately.

Primary signs:

• Emotional excitement;
• Physical activity;
• Redness of the skin;
• Pupil dilation.

Every consumer of low-alcohol drinks and ethanol in small doses is familiar with this stage. Such symptoms give us courage, euphoria, and strength. If you stop at this stage, then in the morning the memories will be positive and rosy.

Secondary signs:

• Psycho-emotional disinhibition;
• Inconsistency of movements;
• Intermittent breathing;
• Uncontrolled speech;
• Vomiting.

It’s definitely time to stop here, since in the second stage the central nervous system and brain are damaged by ethanol. It sounds scary, but the morning will be even more unpleasant. When confused fragments of memories will not allow you to restore the picture of the holiday, and the headache will tear your brain like a bell.

Severe symptoms:

• Breathing disorders;
• Unbalanced and chaotic movements;
• Increased sweating;
• Decreased body temperature;
• Incoherent speech;
• Lack of response to stimuli;
• Partial or complete loss of consciousness.

These are alarming signs of a real, severe form of poisoning that urgently need to be dealt with. First aid can also come from the participants of the feast, but it won’t be superfluous to call an ambulance!

Everyone to the rescue!

The first and second stages of intoxication do not require medical intervention; it is enough to simply “not pour water” to the tipsy guest and try to bring him to his senses in humane ways. It is enough to give the victim a large amount of water and induce vomiting.

After cleansing his stomach, he will feel much better. Absorbents in any form will not be superfluous. At this stage, it is possible to put a person back on his feet with a pack of activated carbon or Enterosgel.

The third stage cannot be eliminated without medical help, as are its long-term consequences. While an ambulance is rushing to the victim of alcohol, you can lay him on his side and check:

• is there any vomit or mucus left in the mouth (unpleasant, but if detected, they must be removed),
• Is it difficult to breathe with your own tongue (try to fix your tongue or perform artificial respiration);
• whether the victim has lost consciousness (if there is no reaction, you need to let him smell ammonia).

These measures will help the body tolerate the signs of intoxication and partially eliminate them on its own. Hospitalization in such a situation is inevitable and it would not be amiss if the accompanying person has information about how much and what kind of drinks the patient drank, and whether he has chronic or acute diseases.

Resuscitation measures are limited to the administration of atropine, ascorbic acid and glucose. In case of loss of consciousness, medications that excite the central nervous system, and in case of increased excitability, on the contrary, sedatives. Treatment in the clinic may be required in cases where resuscitation has had no effect, or the patient has fallen into an alcoholic coma.

Types of coma after ethanol poisoning

Like the symptoms of poisoning, there are three types of alcoholic coma:

1. Superficial. It is characterized by constriction of the pupils, a preserved reaction to light, a motor and facial reaction to ammonia. The prognosis in this condition is positive; it is enough to thoroughly rinse the stomach, possibly with the help of a tube.
2. Average. It manifests itself as a lack of muscle tone, a weak reaction to ammonia, and an inability to recover after gastric lavage measures. Hospitalization and detoxification in a clinical setting are recommended.
3. Deep. It is distinguished by the lack of reaction to light, dilation or constriction of the pupils, respiratory failure, convulsions, complete relaxation of tendon reflexes, loss of pain reflexes and sensitivity. Hospitalization to the intensive care unit of the toxicology department is required.

Since deaths due to alcohol poisoning are frequent guests of the “Crime” section, it is important to provide assistance and call medical professionals at the first symptoms. After all, during wild fun, it is not customary to count how many grams someone has in a glass, and meanwhile, the lethal dose of alcohol ranges from 5 to 13 grams of alcohol per kilogram of body weight.

Let's make a rough calculation: with a person weighing 80 kilograms, 1 liter of vodka may be enough for the holiday to be his last! The dosage varies greatly and depends on the general condition of the body, the presence of any stage of alcoholism or tolerance to alcohol.

P.S. - Video instruction

Video instructions for treatment at home

That's all I have for today. I hope you never need the knowledge from this article, but as they say, forewarned is forearmed.

Bye everyone.

Best regards, Pavel Dorofeev.

If alcohol poisoning occurs, what to do at home? This is a question that worries a huge number of adults. Very often, after a stormy feast, the next morning many unpleasant symptoms appear that interfere not only with leading a normal lifestyle, but simply getting out of bed.

In case of alcohol poisoning, it is very important to remove toxins and breakdown products of ethyl alcohol from your body as quickly as possible. You can handle this difficult task yourself at home. To do this, you must strictly adhere to certain rules.

1 First aid

Alcohol poisoning can cause very serious consequences that only an experienced specialist can handle. If a person feels very unwell after abusing alcohol, they should urgently call a team of doctors. While the ambulance is traveling, the victim needs to be given first aid.

First of all, it is necessary to empty the stomach of its contents. To do this, make the person drink 2-3 glasses of warm water and press the root of his tongue with a spoon. This will cause you to gag. Ideally, at least 3 such procedures should be performed to make you feel better. But if after vomiting the patient feels even worse, then you need to take a short break and repeat all the manipulations after 10-15 minutes.

If the victim is unconscious, then he needs to be laid on his side and the pressing parts of clothing (collar, belt, belt) should be unfastened. Under no circumstances should someone who has been poisoned by alcohol be turned onto their back. This may cause him to choke on vomit.

Fresh air must be supplied to the room where the victim is located.

2 Treatment with pharmaceuticals

Alcohol poisoning can be treated independently with medications. Today there are quite a lot of such drugs on pharmacy shelves. First of all, it is necessary to empty the stomach of its contents. After a vomiting attack, you need to take enterosorbents. Such medications capture waste products and toxins in the intestines and remove them from the body. Thanks to this, a feeling of relief comes very soon. Enterosgel is very popular. In case of alcohol poisoning, you need to add 10 to 30 g of this product to a glass of water and rinse your stomach with this liquid. After this, you should take another 40 g of Enterosgel and wash it down with 1 glass of water. The next morning you need to drink another 20 g of this drug.

No less popular is Polysorb MP, which is available in powder form. 1 spoon of this medicine should be diluted in 400 ml of water and drunk twice a day (in the morning and before going to bed). In case of severe intoxication, Polysorb MP should be taken up to 5 times a day.

For alcohol poisoning, an enterosorbent such as Smecta will help. This drug has an enveloping and sorbing effect. It can also be taken to prevent a hangover. To do this, take 2 sachets of Smecta in the evening and 1 more sachet in the morning.

Filtrum, which is available in tablet form, has proven itself well. This drug not only helps remove toxins from the body, but also restores the intestinal microflora. If you abuse alcohol, experts advise taking 1-2 Filtrum tablets up to 3 times a day.

The most famous enterosorbent is activated carbon. It has the lowest sorption capacity, but due to its low cost it has gained enormous popularity. Activated carbon comes in the form of round black tablets, which must be crushed to a powder before use. There should be 1 tablet of this medicine per 10 kg of weight.

A very important rule is that you should take a short break (at least 1 hour) between taking enterosorbents and other medications. If you take enterosorbents together with other medications, the latter will lose their effectiveness.

What to do in case of alcohol poisoning if the gastrointestinal tract is disrupted? In cases where large amounts of alcohol have a negative impact on the intestinal microflora, experts advise taking probiotics. Such medications restore beneficial bacteria in the intestines. In case of poisoning, you can take Linex, Enterol, Bactisubtil and Bifiform.

If you have a severe headache in the morning after a fun feast, you can take 1 tablet of Citramon or Paracetamol to relieve it.

Today at the pharmacy you can buy tablets that were created specifically to eliminate the signs of alcohol poisoning. Limontar, Biotredin and Zorex are very popular.

3 Restoring water balance

Abuse of alcoholic beverages disrupts the body's water balance. To restore it, you should drink as much water as possible. In addition, with such poisoning, severe vomiting is often observed, which also dehydrates the body. Severe dehydration can have very serious consequences.

What to drink if poisoned to restore water balance? After a fun party, doctors advise drinking a lot of mineral water or water acidified with lemon juice. At the pharmacy you can buy Regidron, which contains a balanced set of potassium, sodium, chlorides and carbohydrates. It helps the body cope with signs of intoxication. Rehydron is available in powder form. The contents of 1 sachet should be diluted in 1 liter of warm water and the liquid should be drunk in small sips.

If you can’t buy this medicine, you can prepare an equally healthy drink yourself. To do this, you need to dissolve ½ teaspoon of soda, ½ teaspoon of salt and 4 tablespoons of sugar in 1 liter of clean water.

4 Herbal medicine

Treatment of alcohol poisoning can be carried out not only with medications, but also with folk recipes.

Traditional medicine has long proven its effectiveness in the fight against serious illnesses and painful conditions. Alcohol poisoning is no exception.

At home, you can independently prepare various decoctions, tinctures and teas, which include medicinal herbs and plants. You need to be very careful when choosing medicinal herbs. The thing is that some plants contain poison that can harm the human body.

You can prepare the following effective remedy at home: several sprigs of fresh lemon balm should be kept in 1 liter of boiling water for about 120 minutes. The finished decoction should be drunk warm in small sips throughout the day.

Mint tea is no less popular. To prepare it, 100 g of raw material must be steamed in 800 ml of boiling water for 30 minutes. This tea will help stop severe vomiting.

Intoxication of the body is treated with dill seeds. Place 2 tablespoons of seeds in a bowl with 100 ml of boiling water, place the container on the stove, bring to a boil and cook for 5 minutes. As soon as the drug has cooled, it must be divided into 2 equal parts and drunk throughout the day.

Ginger root is very useful for alcohol poisoning. Pour 100 g of finely chopped ginger root into 900 ml of boiling water and wait 20 minutes. You need to add a few tablespoons of natural honey to the medicinal potion and drink the resulting mixture 3-4 times a day, 1 glass.

If you have the problem described above, you can drink diuretic horsetail tea. To prepare it, pour 2 spoons of raw materials into a bowl with 500 ml of boiling water and wait 60 minutes. Next, the drink must be heated, mixed with honey and drunk in equal parts several times a day.

You can get rid of vomiting, which often appears after poisoning, using saffron tincture. Pour 1 spoon of powdered saffron into 2 cups of hot water, close the lid and wait 20 minutes. The cooled drink should be drunk in small sips.

Tansy decoction helps get rid of intoxication of almost any kind. To prepare such a decoction, 50 g of plant flowers should be placed in a warm oven for 10 minutes. After this, the flowers should be filled with half a liter of hot water. As soon as the decoction reaches room temperature, add 20 g of chamomile to it and keep it over low heat until it boils. The resulting decoction should be kept in a cool place for several days. It is necessary to drink the prepared drug during meals several times a day.

How to treat signs of radiola rosea poisoning? 100 g of raw material should be poured into 700 ml of hot water and wait 2-3 hours. The finished tincture should be strained and drunk several times a day, 50 ml.

5 Other popular folk remedies

At home, you can treat body intoxication with apple cider vinegar. 1 small spoon of vinegar should be diluted in 100 ml of clean water and drunk at a time. You should drink this liquid at least three times a day.

Peppermint alcohol will help fight a hangover. A few drops of alcohol (3-5 drops) must be diluted in 1 glass of water. The resulting liquid should be drunk in one gulp. A feeling of relief usually appears after a fairly short period of time.

To alleviate the condition, you can prepare a vitamin cocktail from equal amounts of orange juice and lemon juice. Add 1 spoon of natural honey and 1 raw yolk to the resulting liquid. This drink will help improve your body tone.

Honey water is very useful for alcohol poisoning. To prepare it, you need to dissolve honey in water. The more honey there is, the better the effect will be. During the day you should drink at least 500 ml of honey water. Fructose, which is contained in honey, helps speed up recovery.

In case of alcohol poisoning, treatment can be carried out with egg whites. A few chicken egg whites should be thoroughly beaten and drunk in one gulp. Although this method of dealing with the symptoms of intoxication is not very pleasant, the positive effect after it appears very soon.

You can treat alcohol poisoning with the following recipe. Dissolve the juice of half a lemon and 1 small spoon of sugar in 1 glass of clean water. This drink will help stabilize blood sugar levels. You should drink this water in slow sips throughout the day.

To 1 glass of water you need to add 1 small spoon of potato starch. This solution envelops the stomach and helps get rid of severe pain.

Only an experienced specialist can tell you how to treat intoxication of the body correctly. That is why, before starting self-medication, it is necessary to consult a doctor. This will help avoid many complications. If your health does not return to normal within several days, then this is a clear reason to go to the hospital.

Alcohol, even in small doses, has a toxic effect on the central nervous system. In medicine, there are three stages of alcohol intoxication - mild, moderate and severe.

What are the signs of alcohol poisoning and how to relieve alcohol intoxication at home? What medications can be taken to relieve a hangover? What should not be done in case of poisoning, and in what cases should you consult a doctor without wasting time on self-medication? Let's look at these questions, but first let's define what alcohol poisoning is.

What is alcohol intoxication

The term alcohol intoxication itself means poisoning the body with ethyl alcohol. Normally, a small amount of ethanol is neutralized in the liver without consequences for the body. But when consuming an amount of alcohol that exceeds the detoxification capabilities of the liver, the poison enters the brain and causes disturbances in higher nervous activity. Outwardly, this manifests itself as a feeling of euphoria, clouding of consciousness, and loss of coordination.

In severe cases of poisoning, a person loses sensitivity, reflexes weaken, and stunning occurs. In the extreme stage, cardiac arrest, cessation of breathing, and deep coma are possible. Such consequences occur when the concentration of ethyl alcohol in the blood is 3% or more. The lethal dose of alcohol is about 300 grams translated into pure alcohol. If we consider the average lethal dose in terms of body weight, then it is 8 grams of ethanol per kg.

In everyday life, alcohol poisoning refers to any changes accompanied by a deterioration in health due to drinking alcoholic beverages. They can appear immediately after taking a large dose (vomiting, loss of consciousness) or visit you the next morning - hangover syndrome. In general, these conditions are treated in the same way, but there are some nuances. In the phase of acute poisoning, the effect of ethanol on the gastrointestinal tract and brain is of great importance, and a hangover is largely provoked by the products of the partial breakdown of ethyl alcohol, in particular, acetaldehyde.

Poisoning with low-quality alcohol

Separately, it is necessary to say about poisoning with alcohol surrogates. According to statistics, this type of poisoning occupies a leading position in the list of all intoxications. Moreover, more than 90% of victims die before hospitalization.

Alcohol substitutes are:

When poisoning with such products, intoxication is mild or does not occur at all; visual disturbances, convulsions, drooling, sweating, vomiting, pain in the abdomen and joints are often observed.

Intoxication with surrogates cannot be removed at home; immediate seeking of qualified medical help is mandatory. Delay can cost your life. As first aid measures, induce vomiting, take enterosorbent and any enveloping agent. Further, hospitalization in a hospital is required.

First aid for alcohol poisoning

What to do in case of alcohol poisoning at home? To achieve this, a number of measures are taken to rid the body of ethyl alcohol and neutralize its breakdown products.

First aid for alcohol poisoning includes the following steps.

1. Remove any remaining alcoholic beverages from the stomach. To do this, induce vomiting, then rinse the stomach - drink 2-3 glasses of salted water, again induce vomiting, and so on until almost pure water comes out of the stomach.
2. If you lose consciousness, you should not provoke vomiting. Call an ambulance. While waiting for her arrival, lay the victim on his side, loosen his clothing, and check his pulse and breathing. Turn your head, make sure that your tongue does not fall back and that vomit does not enter the respiratory tract. To bring the victim to his senses, let him smell ammonia and rub his ears.

If alcohol poisoning does not pose a threat to life, then intoxication can be removed independently at home.

Treatment of alcohol intoxication at home

Treatment of alcohol poisoning at home consists of the following actions:

Sometimes poisoning is accompanied by bouts of vomiting. If you vomit once or twice, this is a natural reaction of the body to the poison and there will be no harm from it, but only benefit, given the current condition. But if the urge to vomit does not go away after emptying the stomach, then measures need to be taken.

How to stop vomiting after alcohol poisoning?

1. Rinse your head with cold water or briefly apply ice to the back of your head.
2. Drink some water or restorative solutions such as “Regidron”.
3. Don't eat or drink anything else until your stomach calms down.

If the measures taken do not produce results, then antiemetic drugs will help. Uncontrollable vomiting, the presence of bile or blood in the vomit are grounds for immediate hospitalization.

Let us dwell in more detail on the medications used to treat alcohol poisoning at home.

Enterosorbents

After emptying the stomach of its contents, you need to take enterosorbents. These medications act in the intestines, trapping toxins and waste products on their surface and removing them with feces. The following drugs have proven themselves well.

It must be remembered that all enterosorbents must be taken separately from medications, otherwise the latter will lose their effectiveness. Between their doses it is necessary to maintain a gap of at least one hour, and preferably two hours.

Restoring water balance

Vomiting dehydrates the body and flushes out mineral salts. In addition, alcohol is a strong diuretic. In case of poisoning, you need to drink a lot of water, preferably mineral water or acidified with lemon juice. Medicines belonging to the group of rehydrating agents help to cope with the imbalance that has arisen. They contain a balanced set of sodium, potassium, chlorides, and sometimes carbohydrates and help the body cope with intoxication.

"Regidron" for alcohol intoxication can be taken orally in the amount of 10-17 ml of the prepared solution per kg of weight. One packet of the drug is dissolved in one liter of water and stored in the refrigerator for no more than a day.

Analogues of "Regidron" are the drugs "Hydrovit" and "Citraglucosolan". You can also prepare a similar solution yourself: take 1/2 tsp per liter of water. salt, 1/2 tsp. soda, 4 tbsp. l. Sahara.

In case of severe alcohol intoxication, a drip is needed. Its composition is approximately this:

• saline solution, or “Disol”, or “Hemodez”;
• 5 or 10% glucose solution;
• 5% ascorbic acid solution.

If necessary, include vitamins (nicotinic acid, pyridoxine), magnesia, potassium chloride, panangin, and cardiac medications. The volume of the dropper is usually 400–500 ml. It must be placed by a medical professional, as well as determine the composition of the solution for infusion - inept handling can cause harm to health.

Complete cleansing of alcohol from the body is possible if it is eliminated by the kidneys. For this purpose, diuretics (diuretics) are used, the best and safest of which is considered to be plain water. You can also use traditional medicine recipes - drink herbal decoctions. They not only restore vitamin losses, but also supply the body with the antioxidants it needs.

Restoration of intestinal microflora

Alcohol and its breakdown products kill beneficial intestinal microflora. After alcohol intoxication, the activity of the gastrointestinal tract is often disrupted, constipation or diarrhea develops. Beneficial bacteria need to be restored. This can be done by eating fermented milk and fermented foods or taking probiotics:

Emptying the bowels eases the hangover. If constipation occurs after drinking alcohol, you can give an enema - this will remove toxic products from the large intestine.

What not to do if you have alcohol poisoning

1. Under no circumstances should you combine alcohol and the diuretic Furosemide, as this negatively affects the condition of the liver and kidneys.
2. Also take aspirin with caution. You can drink it only in a hangover, but if the intoxication has not yet passed, then this medicine can cause various complications.
3. You should not use any sleeping pills, as they aggravate the depression of the central nervous system caused by alcohol.
4. The recommendation to go to the bathhouse and thereby get rid of a hangover is only suitable for people with Siberian health.

What to do if you have a hangover

How to treat a hangover the morning after heavy drinking? The following measures are effective:

You should not experiment with medications; it is better to resort to the help of special tablets for alcohol poisoning:

• "Biotredin";
• "Limontar";
• "Metadoxil";
• "Alka-Seltzer."

Folk remedies for hangover

If you don’t have any pills on hand, you can use folk remedies used for alcohol poisoning. In addition to the already mentioned pickles, the following remedies help with hangovers:

A contrast shower helps with a hangover. Start with hot water, then switch to pleasantly cold, alternating for 30-60 seconds several times, gradually increasing the temperature difference. This contrast will allow the skin to get rid of waste and toxins and improve the functioning of the heart and blood vessels.

In conclusion, we note that preventing a hangover is much easier and more enjoyable than treating it. To do this, do not abuse the amount of alcohol, eat well with foods containing starch and pectins (potatoes, bananas), and before the feast, take one of the recommended enterosorbents for preventive purposes.