Listed ways to control pests and diseases effective in restoring the natural balance of the soil. However, most of our plots are far from this, and we are simply forced to use special preparations to save plants. As we know, any pesticides act en masse, that is, they affect not only the pest or disease, but also everything they come into contact with. Enough to mention imidacpopride, which is part of almost all chemical preparations for the Colorado potato beetle. If pollinating insects are exposed to these drugs, the result of the effect on them will be the same as on the larvae of the Colorado potato beetle: blocking the transmission of nerve impulses in the body, paralysis of nerve endings. As a result, pollinating insects lose their natural instincts and become unviable.

Biological products act selectively, indirectly. They can be classified as probiotics (from the Latin “for life”), while chemical drugs are more likely to be antibiotics (from the Latin “against life”). The action of biological products is aimed at increasing plant immunity and resistance to pest damage.

We notice the main symptoms of the disease on the foliage, sometimes without even suspecting that the causative agent of the scourge may be under our feet the rest of the time - in the soil. And only under favorable weather conditions do spores of fungal diseases spread to the leaves, germinating and infecting cultivated plants. These diseases can be suppressed in two ways. The first one is permanent mulching plantings, which poses a serious barrier to the spread of diseases from the soil with rising air currents. Second - treatment with EM preparations, which effectively suppress pathogens, providing general improvement to the soil layer.

However, diseases are found not only in our area, but also in our neighbors and in the neighboring field. They can come to us with the wind, on the legs of birds or insects. Therefore, it is necessary to spray plants on the foliage with biological products. Since the bulk of diseases are fungal and viral, the drug is intended to strengthen immunity to these diseases mikosan. Getting inside the plant, this biological product causes the production of an enzyme that dissolves the virus shell, and therefore the plants themselves successfully resist diseases. Because action mikosana continues for 2-3 weeks, then in order to avoid damage to plants, spraying in for preventive purposes We do it once a month. If it rains, we carry out preventive treatment after it. But preventing a disease is much easier than dealing with its manifestation, and even more so with the consequences.

The most dangerous periods from the point of view of disease damage are early spring, when flowering stone fruit gardens are affected by moniliosis, and mid-summer, when high humidity and temperature, plants die from late blight almost before our eyes. It is at this time that it is worth increasing our vigilance and carrying out processing mikosan increased concentration. The drug works even with low temperatures, it is enough for the plants to be in a state of physiological activity. Therefore, when protecting against moniliosis, treatment can be carried out on flowering trees.

When the air temperature rises to 15 degrees, you can carry out regular spraying with the solution radiance. By treating green foliage with cultures of living microorganisms, we obtain a complex result. Some microorganisms on the surface of the plant effectively suppress the development of pathogens and pathogens. Some of it penetrates into the plant and enters the root system with cell sap, where it contributes to the effective supply of nutrients. The same microorganisms that remain in the leaves and stems of the plant increase its overall immunity, which leads to a decrease in morbidity.

So, in nature, weakened plants are most susceptible to diseases. Their immunity may be weakened due to insufficient nutrition or as a result of temperature changes. Plants especially suffer from spring return frosts or summer dry winds. To reduce stress and increase plant resistance, you can treat them with a solution Mars- an organic polymer that increases the density of cell sap. This leads to a decrease in the freezing point and, as a result, an increase in the frost resistance of the plant. In hot weather, the evaporation of moisture through the surface of the leaf decreases, which allows maintaining turgor. All this increases the plant’s resistance to adverse weather conditions.

On the ground in my flowerpots (not all plants) live white small and long insects, about 1-2 mm, that jump when I loosen the ground. Replanting into new soil did not help; the pests appeared again after a few weeks. I watered it with Actellik once, but it didn’t help. What to do? Where do they come from? And black and dark gray insects that look like midges fly over the pots. What are they called and how to get rid of them?

In summer, the soil in flowerpots quickly dries out and in order to water the plants less often, many people pour more water. It is not right.
Firstly, water displaces air from the soil and the roots suffocate.
Secondly, wet soil quickly deteriorates - it turns sour or alkalized and a whitish or rusty coating appears on the surface.
And thirdly, wet ground(namely wet, not humid) habitat of moisture-loving soil creatures. These are various flower flies: sciarids(or they are called tomato, fruit or fungus gnats), cucumber gnats and fruit flies (vinegar or fruit flies). And springtails(or fools), wood lice, enchitraea and others.
All flies love a wet substrate and the presence of undecomposed plant debris in the soil. They only lay eggs in wet soil. Small larvae eat plant residues in the soil, turning them into a sticky and viscous mass. This causes the soil to become compacted and air access to the roots to decrease. The roots and stem rot, the leaves become dull and lose their elasticity. When there are many larvae, they feed on the roots of the flower.
Flying adult sciarids are harmless. And adult cucumber mosquitoes and fruit flies damage the growing point and succulent tissues of plants in the absence of rotting fruits and vegetables in the house.
Flower flies cannot live in dry and poorly moistened soil. When the top layer of soil in the pot dries out between waterings, the eggs and larvae die. Therefore, the main way to deal with them is proper watering plants. The flower is watered after upper layer the soil will dry out slightly. And if there are flying flies, water even less often, when the top 2 cm layer of soil dries out.
If there are a lot of flying sciarid flies, use insecticides(agravertine, actara, actellik, intavir, kinmiks, fitoverm). Water the soil with an insecticide solution prepared as for spraying, 80-100 ml per 0.7 liter pot, 2 times every 7 days. Or, soil insecticides in granules (grom-2, basadine) are scattered in a thin layer over slightly damp soil, mixed with the top layer of soil and then watered thoroughly. After treating the soil with preparations, you should not water the plants for 3-5 days, so as not to weaken the effect of the insecticide by reducing its concentration or leaching from the soil coma.

Jumping white and small insects are springtails. The main fight against them is not to over-moisten the soil. When there are a lot of pests, remove the top layer of soil by 2-3 cm, water it with an insecticide solution and add dry, washed sand. Any insecticide and soil preparations are suitable.
For springtails, pesticides may not be used. Watering with infusions of insecticidal plants helps: yarrow, hot pepper, tobacco dust. A good effect can be achieved if you spill the soil in pots several times with a light pink solution of potassium permanganate or soap solution(20-40 g of soap shavings are dissolved in 1 liter of water).
If springtails live in the house not only in a flower pot, then you need to get rid of them using alkaline preparations(soda, washing powder and others), which are added to water for washing windows and floors. It is also necessary to eliminate sources of unwanted moisture - leaking pipes, faulty taps.