For most people, candy is favorite treat, which can not only please you with its taste, but also lift your spirits and add energy. These sweets are the most different types It has been prepared for several centuries, and the name of the sweets (the list of which is presented in the article) has changed significantly during this time.

This article will tell you about what types of sweet treats are produced by confectionery companies today, how they differ and what they are called.

When did they appear?

Sweet treats, the forerunners of our beloved candies, have been loved in different countries since ancient times. Thus, the culinary experts of Ancient Egypt created sweets from honey, lemon balm, orris roots, cane and dates, and the ancient Romans created sweets from boiled poppy seeds, nuts, honey mass and sesame. In Rus' they loved a delicacy made from maple syrup, honey and molasses.

Candies that looked similar to modern ones began to be produced only in the 16th century in Italy. This is due to the fact that sugar was established, without which it is impossible to make sweets. Initially it was believed that this was a rather strong drug, and it was sold only in pharmacies. Over time, candied fruits in sugar, they were the ones who received the name of sweets, ceased to be considered medicines, and became popular sweets.

What it is?

The word “candy” itself came into Russian from Italian, where confetto means “pill, candy.” It was originally used by Italian pharmacists to name candied fruit pieces sold as medicines. The form - "candy" - appeared somewhat later in the 19th century, when Italian carnivals became popular, in which participants threw confetti - fake plaster candies - at each other.

Today, candy refers to sweet confectionery products that vary in shape, taste and structure.

What are they?

The modern assortment of sweets is so large that confectioners have come up with many classifications. We are interested in what types of candies we can buy in the store, the names of which may differ subtly from different manufacturers. The most popular and in demand by Russian buyers are:

• Caramel. Consists of molasses and sugar.
• Lollipops. One of the easiest to prepare, obtained by boiling molasses, sugar or the resulting composition is flavored and poured into special forms. The name of the candies is listed below.

Candy on a stick;

Lollipops in paper wrapper;

Soft lollipops - monpasier;

Liquorice or salty candies;

An elongated or oblong-shaped candy. The names and photos of such “pencils” and “sticks” are presented below.

Soufflé, for example, " bird's milk”, which can also be called “Wonderful Bird”, “Bogorodskaya Bird”, “Zimolubka” and others;

A roast made from crushed nuts drenched in sugar, fruit or honey syrup. These are such candies as “Grillage in chocolate”, “Grillage fairy tale”, “Strawberry grillage” and others;

Praline - chocolate candies with a filling of nuts ground with sugar and cocoa mixed with cognac or some other flavoring: “Bud”, “Babaevskie”, “Shokonatka”, “Juliet”;

Liqueur candies contain a filling of liqueur or sugar syrup with cognac: “Cream liqueur”, “Chocolate liqueur”, “Blue velvet”;

In candies with jelly filling, under a layer of chocolate there is a thick berry or fruit jelly: “Lel”, “Southern Night”, “Lebedushka”, “Zaliv” and others;

- “Fudge” or candies with fondant filling made from milk, molasses, cream, sugar, fruit fillings and other components: “Miya”, “Rakhat”, “Spanish Night” and others;

Truffles are elite round-shaped chocolates filled with a special French cream- ganache. It is made from butter, cream, chocolate and various flavorings. The outer surface may be covered with crushed or ground nuts, wafer crumbs or cocoa powder.

Chocolate stories

Chocolate candies, beloved by many, appeared thanks to the famous navigator Hernando Cortez, who discovered the American continent. It was he and his associates who brought cocoa beans to Europe and introduced Europeans to chocolate. Monk Benzoni contributed to the fact that the Spanish monarch, and after him his courtiers, began to regularly consume chocolates to maintain health. Subsequently, the fashion for chocolates spread to other countries, where influential people used them as medicine. Until the 17th century, only confectioners in Spain made chocolate and sweets from it, and sent sweets to many royal courts. Over time, the secret of making chocolate sweets became known to other countries, but until the end of the 17th century they were made only by hand.

How did sweets appear in Russia?

The first confectionery factory producing chocolates was opened at the end of the 17th century. French pastry chef David Shelley. Until the 19th century, Russia did not have its own candy production, and the delicacy was brought from abroad, or prepared by special cooks in the kitchens of rich nobles. The first Russian confectionery factory was opened in St. Petersburg only in the middle of the 19th century.

What were the candies called before?

As already mentioned, until the 19th century, sweets were either imported into our country from abroad or produced at home in the estates and palaces of nobles. For sweets made at home, the names were given descriptively, taking into account the shape, method of preparation, size, and the fruits and fruits used. The book “The New Perfect Russian Confectioner, or a Detailed Confectionery Dictionary,” published at the end of the 18th century in St. Petersburg, gives such funny names for candies as Strawberry scones and Green Apricots in caramel, Jasmine lollipops and Aniseed sugar snacks, Cherry marzipans and Apricots in lollipops.

Industrial names

The opening of the first Russian confectionery factory led to the emergence of many different types of sweets at the beginning of the 20th century. At first they prevailed french recipes and the names of sweets, the list of which was not very long:

• "Baton de Gralier";
• "Finchampagne";
• "Creme de Risien";
• "Boule de gom";
• "Creme de noison";
• "Maron Praline" and others.

Over time, the French name for chocolates began to be translated into Russian, and “Creamy Venus”, “Cat’s Tongue”, “Girl’s Skin”, “Salon” appeared on sale, designed in accordance with Russian grammar. However, in some cases, bilingual names of candies were also used, for example, “Studded with pearls, or Coriandor perle.” Russian confectioners called the new sweets they created themselves in Russian and often used names associated with images of the fair sex: “Sophie”, “Marianna”, “Merry Widow”, “Fisherman”, “Marsala”. Educational series were also produced, for example “The Riddle”. On the candy wrapper of such sweets there was a simple riddle. Before the revolutionary events of 1917, chocolate series “Sport”, “Geographical Atlas”, “Peoples of Siberia” and others were produced.

Until the October Revolution of 1917, you could buy Tsar Raspberry or Tsar Fyodor Mikhailovich caramel. After him, the names of the candies changed dramatically. Caramels “Krestyanskaya” and “Krasnoarmeyskaya”, “Sickle and Hammer” and “Our Industry” appeared on sale.

However, chocolate candies for the most part retain French names: “Dernier Cree”, “Miniature”, “Chartreuse”, “Bergamot”, “Pepperment” and others. Such neutral names as “Squirrels”, “Tomboys” and “Bunnies” did not undergo ideological rethinking. Soviet names for new candies reflected current events and achievements. So in the 30s of the last century they produced: “Fight for Technology”, “Be Prepared”, “Sabantuy”, “Milkmaid”, “Chelyuskinites”, “Heroes of the Arctic”, “Conqueror of the Ice”.

Man's conquest of space in the 60s of the 20th century was reflected in the appearance of the “Space” and “Cosmos” candies.

Around the same time, it became popular to include the names of fairy-tale and literary characters in the names of chocolates: “Snow Maiden”, “La Bayadère”, “Blue Bird”, “Sadko”, “Little Red Riding Hood” and others.

There's something about putting something rich, sweet, and creamy in your mouth and being instantly delighted. Most people love sweets very much and cannot imagine life without chocolates or sweets. Thanks to such a strong attachment to sweets, confectionery manufacturers become the richest among representatives Food Industry. People can't refuse divine taste sweets, and they get rich. We offer an overview of the richest confectionery companies in the world.

10. Lindt (Switzerland): $3.15 billion

According to legend, in 1879, during an experiment to turn hard chocolate into soft, melt-in-your-mouth chocolate, the mixing machine at Rudolf Lindt's factory was accidentally left on over the weekend. The result was a rich creamy taste chocolate that could easily be shaped into bars and became extremely popular. By 1898, Lindt sold the company's shares to another Swiss confectioner, Rudolf Sprangli, who for 1.5 million gold francs received the right to use Lindt's recipe, factories, and trademark and continue to produce traditional products. Thanks to a profitable deal and the cooperation of Lindt and Sprungly, the company became the richest in the world of confectionery production. The company's capital as of 2014 is estimated at $3.15 billion.

9. Haribo Brand (Germany): $3.18 billion

In 1920, the German confectioner Hans Riegel created his own company, the name of which is based on an acronym formed from the name of the creator and the name of his hometown: “HAns” - “RIgel” - “BOnn”. Just two years later, Riegel developed a recipe for fruit chewing candies, the creation of which was inspired by trained bears from an ordinary German circus. The “dancing bear” became the symbol of the company and the form of candies, which we know as “gummy bears” ( gummy bears).
The candies became widely popular and sold well.

In 1925, the company's success was bolstered by the introduction of licorice candies, namely sticks that cleverly featured the company logo, and wheels, which children were especially fond of. In 1945, Riegel died and left the production to his wife Gertrude until his sons, Hans and Paul, returned to Germany in 1946 from a reservist camp. In 1960, the company symbol replaced the “Dancing Bear” with the “Golden Bear”. Today the company is the leading confectioner in Germany, and its capital in 2014 was estimated at $3.2 billion.

8. Perfetti van Melle (Italy): $3.28 billion

The company was founded in the Netherlands in 1841 by Isaac van Melle, a local baker from Breskens, and it was only in 1882 that the baker's son Abraham turned the bakery into a confectionery. He not only modernized, but also expanded production in 1900. For 30 years, Abraham traveled the world, studied recipes and experimented. As a result, the company constantly updated its products, recipes and technologies. In 1932, the company released candies that later became known as “Fruitela” and “Mentos” - the company's most popular products.

In 1958, Spanish confectioner Eric Bernat, whose family company Perfetti was quite successful, thanks to revolutionary technologies, presented the world with lollipops, which are today known as Chupa Chups (“chupa” means “suck” in Spanish). A little-known fact is that the company's logo was designed by Salvador Dali. It’s strange, but no one had ever thought of putting a lollipop on a stick before them. In 2001, both companies merged into one, becoming the largest candy manufacturer in Europe. The company's profit in 2014 was $3.3 billion.

7. Arcor (Argentina): $3.7 billion

The company was founded in Cordoba, Argentina, by a group of friends (Enrique Brizio and Mario Serveso) and brothers (Fulvio, Renzo and Elio Pagani and Modesto, Pablo and Vincent Maranzana) in 1951. The company name is an acronym: ARGENTINA and CORDOBA. In the late 60s, it became the largest candy manufacturer in South America and expanded its operations by opening branches in Mexico, the USA and Europe. Although the company is not as well known in the world as in Latin America, its products are liked by consumers. It produces candies, chocolate, ice cream, fruit bars and drinks, which are sold in 60 countries. Arcor is considered a giant confectionery industry, and its 2014 profits are estimated at $3.7 billion.

6. Hershey Company (USA): $7.04 billion

In 1886, Milton Hershey founded the Lancaster Caramel Company in Lancaster. Hershey experimented with chocolate, he coated his caramel candies with it, and after successful trials, the Hershey Company appeared in 1894. Hershey later got into cocoa and began selling standardized chocolate in solid forms that was easy to produce in a convenient form for consumers. As a result, since 1900, the Hershey chocolate bar has become as popular as traditional American chocolate. Apple pie.

In 1907, the company released Hershey’s Kiss chocolate bars; Milton Hershey himself designed the shape and packaging. Hershey died in 1945, but the company continued to expand, absorbing H.B. Reese Candy Company in 1963, creators of candy canes peanut butter Reese's Peanut Butter Cups. Such famous products, How chocolate balls Whoopers Malted Balls, Twizzlers, Tastations, York Peppermint Patties, Sweet Escapes and Reese's Pieces are now the largest candy company in the United States, with revenues of $7 billion in 2014.

5. Ferrero SpA (Italy): $10.9 billion

The chocolate company was founded by Michele Ferrero in 1940 in Alba, Italy, who expanded the parent business, which was once idle. By 1946, he registered a company called Ferrero SpA and developed the idea for a product such as chocolate paste“pasta gianduja”. It's delicious chocolate butter with roasted nuts, which has been called Nutella since 1954.

In 1968, the company created Kinder Chocolate, chocolate cubes filled with milk cream, as a healthy product for children. And in 1974 the now famous chocolate egg with a surprise toy inside, Kinder Surprise. Luxury Ferrero Rocher and Raffaello chocolates, the popular Tic Tac and naturally fruit-flavored teas brought the company $11 billion in 2014.

4. Meiji Concern (Japan): $11.7 billion

The company was founded in Tokyo in 1906, when the Meiji Dairy Company and the Meiji Sugar Company Ltd began a ten-year partnership, resulting in the introduction of condensed milk into the Japanese market in 1917. By 1924, the name was changed from Kyokuto Condensed Milk Co. Ltd to Meiji Seika Kaisha Ltd, and over time the company returned to its original name, Meiji Dairy Corporation. Two years later she began producing candies, powdered milk, tiles milk chocolate, cocoa powder, baby food, butter, savory snacks, drinks, yoghurts, margarine and healthy drinks for athletes.
Today the Meiji company is one of the largest corporations in Japan in the field of production food products, which earned $11 billion in 2014.

3. Nestle (Switzerland): $11.74 billion

Even in a famous commercial, Nestle’s, a titan of the food industry, does not hide its ambitions, declaring that it is the best at extracting benefits. In the 1860s, Swiss pharmacist Henri Nestlé, who was working on a formula for balanced baby food, met a young neighbor and confectioner, Daniel Peter, who developed the technology for producing milk curds in chocolate glaze, avoiding the development of mold in the product. At the end of the 19th century, Peter's company was absorbed by Nestle.

Meanwhile, in America, brothers Charles and George Page founded the Anglo-Swiss Condensed Milk Company in 1866. A year later, Nestlé successfully completed work on developing a baby food formula based on milk, sugar and wheat flour, which he called “farine lactee” or “ milky taste" Although Nestlé sold the company in 1875, its products provided serious competition to the Page brothers in the dairy food industry. In 1905, both companies merged into one, but only in 1977 it began to be called Nestle’s. Today, it produces top-selling products such as Carnation condensed milk, KitKat bar, Gerber baby food, Milo cocoa, Nesquick, Nescafe, Coffee Mate supplement, Stouffers frozen foods, Dreyer's ice cream, and Purina and Lean Cuisine pet food, which brought the company $11.7 billion in profit in 2014.

2. Mondelez International (USA): $17.64 billion

One of the largest multinational companies in the world, Mondelez International began operations in 1923, and was founded in the United States as the National Dairy Corporation. Over the decades, the company expanded its business by acquiring 55 companies, including Kraft Food. In 1969, the corporation's name changed to Kraftco Corporation. Today it owns such product lines as: Nabisco, Cadbury, Christie, Chiclets, Toblerone chocolate bar. In 1988, Phillip Morris acquired Kraft for $12.9 billion, and in 1995 the company's name changed to Kraft Foods Inc. Mondelez is a huge food, snack and beverage corporation that brought in $17.5 billion in 2014.

1. Mars Company (USA): $33 billion

In terms of profit for 2014, the leader is America's Mars Incorporated. It was founded in 1911 by Frank Mars in Tacoma, Washington. At one time he started with the production of creamy sweets at home. In 1920, the Milky Way brand appeared, and its chocolate bar gained popularity. Already in 1929, the company grew to the size of a serious confectionery factory. In 1930, she introduced the Snickers bar, whose popularity surpassed that of the Milky Way bar, and two years later the Three Musketeers. By 1923, part of the Mars company had moved to England.

The company based its activities on 5 principles, which became the key to success: quality, responsibility, reciprocity, efficiency, freedom. Today, Mars produces world-famous confectionery, snacks, drinks: M&M's, Twix, Bounty, Malteasers, Uncle Ben's Rice, Wrigley's gum, Skittles and pet food. In 2014, the company's profits were $33 billion, making it the richest confectionery maker in the world.

One can only be amazed at the variety of sweets on store shelves today. And this product certainly sells very well. After all, most people love chocolates and sweets, especially children. Now in our country there are quite a few producers of sweets. Confectionery factories have been built in Russia in many cities. And, of course, the products of some of them are the most purchased and popular among the population.

The best manufacturers

1. "Red October".
2. "Mouth front".
3. Concern "Babaevsky".
4. "Samara".
5. "Russian chocolate"
6. "Yasnaya Polyana".

Products existing in Russia confectionery factories, the list of which is presented above, is the most popular among domestic consumers.

Factory "Red October": history

The founder of this country's most famous sweets manufacturer is Ferdinand Theodor von Einem. This German entrepreneur came to Moscow to start his own business in 1850. In 1957, Einem met his future companion in Russia, the talented businessman Yu. Geis. First, the partners founded a small confectionery store on Teatralnaya Square. Later they began construction of their own factory on the banks of the Moscow River.

The first three-story building was built by entrepreneurs on Then the businessmen built a larger factory on Bersenevskaya embankment. The company of Yu. Geis and Einem produced very high quality products. First of all, it was precisely because of this that it soon became extremely in demand among consumers.

For a long time, the Einem enterprise was considered the best confectionery factory in Russia. After the October Revolution, it was nationalized and named “State Confectionery Factory No. 1.” In 1922, the plant was renamed “Red October”. But also for a long time the products produced at this enterprise bore the name “Former Einem.”

Today "Red October" is the largest confectionery factory in Russia, which has accumulated vast experience in the production of sweets. It supplies 64 thousand tons of products per year to the domestic and world markets. There are 2.9 thousand workers working in the factory’s workshops. The main plant is still located in the capital. The company also has several branches - in Kolomna, Ryazan, Yegoryevsk.

Currently, on the territory of this factory, among other things, there is a museum of its history. And any resident or guest of the capital can view its exhibitions at any time. Entrance to the museum of the Red October enterprise is free.

The factory's most popular products

Thus, it is “Red October” that is the most famous confectionery factory in Russia. Sweets from this manufacturer are actually extremely popular. The best brands of candies from the Red October factory are as follows:

• "Kara-Kum".
• "Little Red Riding Hood".
• "Bear in the north".
• "Cancer necks."
• "Teddy Bear."

• "Alenka."
• "Tales of Pushkin."
• "Red October 80% cocoa."
• "Teddy Bear."

In addition to candies and chocolate, the Red October enterprise supplies the market, of course, with other confectionery products. Currently, this manufacturer produces more than three hundred types of sweet products.

History of the Rot Front enterprise

It rightfully occupies second place in the ranking of confectionery factories in Russia. This enterprise was founded in our country even before the Einem plant - in 1826. Its first owners were Russian merchants, the Leonov brothers. Initially, the workshop they opened produced only fudge and caramel. This small enterprise was located in Zamoskvorechye.

The factory was expanded in 1890 by the heiress of its founders, E. Leonova. The owner of the workshop purchased several plots of land specifically for this purpose. The name of the factory in those days was simply “Confectionery Production”.

Like all other enterprises in the country, Leonova’s confectionery was nationalized in 1917. It was renamed Rot Front in 1931 as a sign of solidarity with the German communists. The reason was a visit to Moscow by a delegation from Germany this year.

Products of the Rot Front factory

Today this enterprise supplies the market with about 50 thousand tons of sweet products per year. In stores you can purchase more than two hundred items of products manufactured in the plant’s workshops. But the main share of this manufacturer’s products is still sweets.

The calling card of the Rot Front enterprise, which ranks second in the ranking of Russian confectionery factories, are the following brands:

• "Golden domes".
• "Autumn Waltz".
• "Sissy."
• "Lux Amaretto"
• "Grillage".
• “Forest true story”, etc.

In addition to high quality, the products of this manufacturer are also quite affordable in price. This is what makes it very popular among consumers.

Concern "Babaevsky"

This confectionery factory has been known in Russia for a very long time; its history goes back more than 210 years. Now it is the oldest manufacturer of confectionery products in our country.

The Babaevsky concern was created in Moscow in 1804. The founder of this enterprise was then former serf Stepan. The first confectionery products produced by this master were made using apricots. They were very popular among Muscovites. In honor of these inventors, his customers even came up with a surname - Abrikosov.

Gradually, Stepan’s workshop grew into a real factory, and for a long time it supplied sweets, including to the imperial court.

The Abrikosov factory was nationalized in 1918. Four years after this, it was given the name “Babaevskaya” (after the surname of the then head of the Sokolniki district executive committee).

Concern products

Currently, Babaevsky supplies more than 129 types of a wide variety of confectionery products to the domestic and world markets. The most popular brands of sweets from this manufacturer are the following:

• "Babaevskaya squirrel."
• Uganda.
• Venezuela.
• “Almond praline”, etc.

Factory "Samara"

The products of this manufacturer have been extremely popular in the country in the past. The Samara confectionery factory was founded in Russia by merchants Kargin and Savinov. In 1904, products from this manufacturer won the Grand Prix at an exhibition in France and gained worldwide fame.

Today, the Samara factory, unfortunately, has practically disappeared from the trading arena. In Soviet times, it was renamed the Kuibyshev Confectionery Factory. Later the factory was sold to Nestle.

Confectionery factory "Russian Chocolate"

This company was founded relatively recently. The Russian Chocolate factory produced its first products in 1998. Thanks to excellent quality, sweets and chocolates of this brand quickly gained popularity among domestic consumers.

Now this confectionery factory in Russia occupies one of the leading places in the production of sweets. In 2007, the company became part of the United Confectioners holding. In 2012, this manufacturer began supplying FELICITA brand chocolate to the market.

Today, the Russian Chocolate factory sells its products not only in Russia, but also in countries near and far abroad. The most popular products of this brand among consumers are “Russian Chocolate”:

• "Elite bitter porous."
• "Milk with peanuts and hazelnuts."
• Felicita Moda di Vita and others.

History of the Yasnaya Polyana factory

This company was founded in Tula in 1973. Today, the staff of this large sweets manufacturer includes more than 800 specialists. The factory's product range is about 100 items.

The main feature of the products produced by the Yasnaya Polyana enterprise is the absence of preservatives. All products produced by this factory are made from environmentally friendly natural products. Today this plant is part of the Red October group of enterprises.

The most popular products from this famous confectionery factory in Russia are:

• sweets "Yasnaya Polyana";
• roasted roast “Eurydice”;
• soufflé “Sange”, etc.

Also, it is at this enterprise that the famous Tula gingerbread is produced. This type of regional pastry is popular not only among Russian consumers, but all over the world. The peculiarity of this baking is that, firstly, it does not go stale for a long time, and secondly, it does not break at a bend. Consumers also consider the filling of Tula gingerbread very tasty. It can be made from raspberries, prunes, cherries. For making sweets " Tula gingerbread“The Yasnaya Polyana factory was even granted a patent.

Instead of a conclusion

Manufacturers on Russian market actually exists today great amount. For example, products from the factories “Yuzhuralkonditer”, “Zeya”, “Takf”, etc. are in great demand among consumers. But the products of the enterprises described above are sold out in stores the fastest. The sweets of these six confectionery factories in Russia have earned the greatest trust of consumers, and they are rightfully included in the list the best manufacturers sweets and chocolate in the country.

Good day!
After listening to my parents' stories about their happy Soviet childhood and everything connected with it, I decided to create a topic about sweets.
During the Soviet era, chocolate candies were used to decorate Christmas trees. New Year. In Soviet times, the treasured chocolate bar was included in any gift. The main producers of sweets in the USSR were the Red October, Rot Front, Babaevskaya and Bolshevik factories.
Some candies are still on sale now, but they are not the same as they were before, the taste is not the same... the “taste of childhood” that you will never forget.
I suggest going back in time and remembering those same candies.

"Teddy Bear"

Few people know that the “Bear-toed Bear” chocolate candies, a kind of Soviet confectionery symbol, come not from the USSR, but from Tsarist Russia. Around the 80s of the 19th century, Julius Geis, the head of the Einem Partnership, was brought a candy for testing: a thick layer of almond praline was enclosed between two wafer plates and glazed chocolate. The manufacturer liked the confectioners' find, and the name immediately appeared - “Bear-toed Bear”. According to legend, a reproduction of the painting “Morning in a Pine Forest” by Ivan Shishkin and Konstantin Savitsky hung in Geis’s office, as a result of which the name and later the design of the new delicacy were first invented.
The exact date of appearance of the “Bear Bear” wrapper is 1913; 2013 was the 100th anniversary of the wrapper of the legendary candy.

"Squirrel"

This candy can be called a symbol of the era of the twentieth century that has passed into history. No one festive table, not a single New Year's gift would be complete without Belochka sweets. Wrappers made of thick paper, on a dark green background - a nimble squirrel, and inside - an incredibly delicious candy. With nuts.

"Bear in the north"

These candies with nut filling confectioners of the factory named after N.K. Krupskaya began producing it on the eve of the Great Patriotic War, in 1939. The residents of the city on the Neva loved the delicacy so much that even during the most difficult period in the life of Leningrad, despite all the difficulties of wartime and the state of siege, the factory did not stop producing these sweets, although it was necessary to use substitutes for traditional confectionery raw materials. Since 1966 they have become a trademark of the Leningrad factory.

“Come on, take it away!”

The candy “Come on, take it away!”, popular in Soviet times. was released more than a hundred years ago at the Einem factory. At first, the wrapper depicted a fierce-looking boy with a bat in one hand and a bitten Einem chocolate bar in the other. There was no doubt that the boy was ready to do anything to finish the delicacy.

In 1952, artist Leonid Chelnokov, creatively reworking and preserving the background of the wrapper, painted a girl in a blue polka dot dress with a candy in her hand, teasing a white dog. It was this image that was preserved in the memory of Soviet children.

Gulliver

It was a super candy, it was associated with great happiness, and adults gave it to children when they came to visit.

"Bird's milk"

In 1967, the USSR Minister of Food Industry, during a working visit to Czechoslovakia, tried Ptasie Mleczko (Bird's Milk) sweets, created by Jan Wedel, a Polish confectioner. Returning to his homeland, the official gathered the confectioners of large enterprises at the Rot-Front factory, showed a box of the brought “Ptasie Mleczko” and gave them the task of inventing something similar to this foreign dessert. The best was the development of specialists from the Primorsky Confectioner factory from Vladivostok under the leadership of Anna Chulkova. She personally refined the recipe and experimented with the ingredients... For the development of a unique recipe, Anna Chulkova was awarded the Order of Lenin.

The topic is getting big, so I’ll show you a photo of the most famous candies of the Soviet period.

Golden comb cockerel

Red poppy

Stratosphere

Kara - Kum

Little Red Riding Hood

Do you also remember the jelly beans?
Multi-colored round candies of several types. For 1 ruble 10 kopecks you could buy a whole kilogram of multi-colored “peas”

More expensive variety with soft filling inside.

"Sea Pebbles"

The so-called “Sea Pebbles” are glazed raisins (1p70 kopecks per kilogram).

Caramels

lemons

Crow's feet

Barberry

Cancerous cervix

And that same cockerel? It could even be prepared at home. The sweets turned out to be scary, but quite edible. You could also buy poisonous red or green lollipops in the shape of cockerels, horses, and bears from the hands of gypsies at the market. Mothers often refused to take these candies from the unwashed hands of people of unknown origin. Neither prayers nor tears helped.

Montpensier in a round tin.

Most often, they stuck together and it was necessary to tear off a separate “monpasie” using brute physical force. But delicious. Such a tin cost about 1 ruble 20 kopecks, the jar was never thrown out and was used very actively on the farm.

Taffy
The most famous Kis-Kis and Golden Key

Lemon and orange slices

Of course, that’s not all, I didn’t find the USSR and if anyone has any additions, I’ll be only glad.
All the best and thank you for your attention.

Chocolate is a delicacy that almost no one can refuse. Avid sweet tooths treat themselves to this popular product every day. It is worth noting that those who watch their figure allow themselves to periodically eat sweets, because dark chocolate is produced, which is good for the body and in small quantities is not capable of harming your figure. Famous brands of chocolate are produced by manufacturers from all over the world.

Ritter Sport

A well-known brand of chocolate, which is produced in Germany and sold all over the world. Each type of Ritter Sport chocolate bar is square in shape and divided into 16 small squares. " Ritter Sport» has 28 types of chocolate, which are packaged different colors. The product from a German manufacturer is of the highest quality, as it is made from natural ingredients.

Snickers

Milka

Alpen Gold

Chocolate Alpen Gold(Alpen Gold) is a variety of tastes, high quality and a very affordable price for the product. This brand occupies a leading position among the world's chocolate manufacturers. The company produces both dark and milk chocolate. There are also interesting options peanut bars and corn flakes, with strawberries and yogurt, with cookies and raisins, etc.

Twix

The most popular brands of chocolate include the Twix bar. It consists of two strips, each of which contains cookies and caramel inside and is covered with a layer of milk chocolate. Initially this product called Raider and produced in the UK (from 1968 to 1979). Later, the American manufacturer gave the bar a new name. Despite this, in many European countries Twix chocolate is sold under the Raider brand.

Lindt

The Swiss chocolate manufacturer offers its customers only truly high-quality products. Dark and milk chocolate are available in regular and gift packaging. This manufacturer also produces Lindt brand dark chocolate with 99% cocoa content. Only true lovers will appreciate this product.

Ferrero Rocher

Round chocolates are packaged in a very beautiful box and are perfect as a delicious gift. The Italian manufacturer has created real luxury: Ferrero Rocher candy () contains whole hazelnuts and thin wafer With nut cream. “Ball” is covered with milk chocolate with chopped hazelnuts. The product is quite high in calories - the candy hidden behind the gilded wrapper contains 69 kcal.

KitKat

KitKat chocolate bars are produced by the American company Nestle. Sweet product combines waffles with a layer of nut-cream filling and a milk chocolate coating. Many buyers prefer Kit Kat for its delicate and pleasant taste. Available in various volumes: from one to several bars per package.

"Highest quality in affordable price" - the motto of the factory that produces a delicious product called "Russian Chocolate". It is extremely popular in Russia. There are several types of porous chocolate of this brand: white, milk and black. White chocolate of the “Russian Chocolate” brand, due to its porous structure, acquires a very interesting taste.

Bounty

The name of such a brand of chocolates as Bounty means “generosity”. Indeed, a large amount of coconut pulp was very generously put into the chocolate bar. The top is covered with high-quality milk chocolate. Bounty bars are produced by Mars Incorporated.

Traditional milk chocolate Chaika with the addition of roasted grated nuts. The product contains a minimum amount of cocoa - 33%. Popular chocolate bars are produced by the Ukrainian company Roshen. The blue packaging with the image of a seagull is familiar to both grandmothers and children.

Aero

Traditional aerated chocolate Aero (Aero) in the form of a small bar. Produced under the Nestle brand. Due to large quantities chocolate bubbles just melt in your mouth. Milk chocolate is very popular.

Alenka

Alenka milk chocolate, which was produced back in the USSR (since 1965). Now produced in Russia by the Red October factory. Distinctive feature This bar has a creamy “fatty” taste. The chocolate packaging depicts a chubby-cheeked girl in a headscarf.

Milky Way

Another popular product from the famous manufacturer Mars Incorporated. The bar contains caramel and light chocolate nougat, covered with a layer of milk chocolate. Recently, Milky Way with strawberry flavor has also become popular.

Nuts

This is the only chocolate bar on the Russian market with whole hazelnuts. Part delicious sweets also includes delicate nougat, sticky caramel and chocolate. Nuts has been produced in Russia since 1996. Now it can be purchased in three formats: a 50-gram or 60-gram bar, as well as a multi-pack (consists of 5 chocolates, 30 grams each).

Mars

The Mars chocolate bar, produced by the American company Mars Incorporated, was first released back in 1932. Since then he has millions of fans. The main ingredients of the bar are nougat and high-quality milk chocolate.

Ristora

The famous brand of hot chocolate is produced by an Italian manufacturer, which guarantees the high quality of its product. The product is an instant drink based on cocoa powder. The result is a delicious and aromatic hot chocolate of the Ristora brand, which has a unique and rich taste.

Every confectionery manufacturer has a variety of chocolate options: white, milk and dark. Some companies also produce products with various fillers. To find “your” chocolate, you will have to work hard and eat an enormous amount of sweets!