A well-known hangover condition is not just a feeling of poor health, but a sign of serious poisoning of the body with alcoholic toxins after heavy drinking. In some cases, the body needs immediate help, otherwise serious health consequences and even death are possible. What is the danger of alcohol poisoning, and what to do at home in this case?

After drinking alcoholic beverages, ethyl alcohol is distributed throughout the body, entering primarily into the liver. Ethanol, which is the main component of alcoholic beverages, weakens the protective functions of the liver and begins to attack other organs, disrupting the activity of the gastrointestinal tract, cardiovascular and nervous system. In response to the effects of alcohol, the body begins to produce alcohol dehydrogenase and acetaldehyde, substances that are extremely toxic to the brain. The high concentration of poisons formed as a result of the use and splitting of alcohol causes manifestations that are popularly called a hangover. It has characteristic symptoms, and proceeds in several stages - the first and second stages do not require medical intervention, and the latter is extremely dangerous for the body and requires immediate help.

If the poisoning did not occur with ordinary vodka or other alcoholic beverages, but alcohol surrogates(denatured alcohol, wood alcohol, moonshine, some drugs, etc.), the situation is getting worse. Beyond the usual drinking alcohol, it contains many harmful substances which have a disastrous name on the body. For intoxication in this case, it is not necessary to drink a large amount of alcohol - a very small dose is enough.

You can get alcohol poisoning from beer

For reference: beer lovers claim that it is simply impossible for them to get poisoned, since its strength is much lower than that of vodka. In fact, the composition of the foam includes not only ethanol, but also fusel oils, preservatives, malt and other components that, in excessive amounts, can increase intoxication.

Symptoms and stages of alcohol intoxication

Alcohol poisoning has three stages, each of which is characterized by its own symptoms. At the first, there are signs that are commonly called alcohol intoxication:

• dilated pupils, glitter in the eyes;
• excessive activity and talkativeness;
• a state of relaxation or, conversely, excitement;
• euphoria and emotional upsurge;
• categoricalness in statements;
• communication difficulties.

In this case, the person, as a rule, easily comes to his senses after a short rest, and may experience only slight discomfort.

middle stage alcohol intoxication characterized by more pronounced manifestations. A person’s gait, coordination of movements and visual function are disturbed, and instincts begin to dominate in actions - aggression, sexuality, etc. In this state, the drunk does not control his actions and cannot adequately answer for them. Sobering up is accompanied by weakness, intense headache, indigestion, and intense thirst.

If, after the onset of the second stage of alcohol intoxication, you continue to drink alcohol, the condition passes into the third stage. Human movements become erratic, statements lose their meaning, and he himself completely loses control over what is happening and connection with reality. The threshold of pain sensitivity decreases (the drinker can get seriously injured and not even notice it), the skin turns red, an increase or decrease in body temperature is observed, reflexes are lost, and the more severe the poisoning, the stronger its manifestation.

For reference: the amount of alcohol that can provoke serious poisoning and to whom is determined by the characteristics of the body (weight, age, chronic diseases, etc.), but on average it is 300-400 g in terms of pure alcohol, or more than 3-4 ppm.

How to recognize an alcoholic coma?

The main sign of an alcoholic coma is loss of consciousness, when a person stops responding to his own name and external stimuli. The last stage of intoxication, in turn, also proceeds in three stages, and the severity of a person's condition is determined depending on the symptoms.

Table 1. Stages of alcoholic coma

Stage of alcoholic coma	Manifestations
Light	Loss of consciousness, constriction of the pupils, cyanosis of the skin, decrease in body temperature, slowing of breathing and pulse. A person can be brought back to consciousness with the help of ammonia.
Medium	Complete relaxation of the muscles and loss of basic reflexes, lack of response to serious stimuli (for example, blows to the cheeks) and the use of ammonia, but the pupils dilate under the influence of light.
Deep	Complete loss of basic reflexes, lack of pupillary response to light, impaired respiratory function and cardiovascular activity.

At the first stage of a coma, it is enough to wash a person’s stomach, after which nothing threatens his life - the consequences will be an extremely severe hangover. In other cases, the drunk requires measures to detoxify the body, which should be carried out in a medical institution.

When should you call an ambulance?

To determine the fact that the drinker needs immediate medical attention, you can use the following symptoms:

• loss of consciousness, lack of response to external stimuli;
• a decrease in body temperature, which can be determined even by touch, the appearance of a sticky cold film on the surface of the skin;
• severe blanching, cyanosis or redness of the skin;
• violation of respiratory function;
• fast, weak, or thready pulse;
• severe vomiting with impurities of bile or blood;
• involuntary urination or defecation.

In this case, a person is hospitalized, detoxified with the help of intravenous infusions of glucose and other drugs, and if necessary, basic vital signs are maintained in the normal range.

Poisoning by alcoholic surrogates

If there is a suspicion that the alcohol was of poor quality, or there was a drinking of medical tinctures, moonshine, cologne, etc., an ambulance should be called even in the absence of severe symptoms.

Signs of low-quality alcohol intoxication include:

• pathological changes in smell and vision (double vision, "fog" and "flies" before the eyes);
• noise in ears;
• increased salivation;
• cramps in the abdomen.

If medical assistance is not provided to a person in a timely manner, the case can be fatal, therefore, if it is possible to deliver the victim to a medical facility before the ambulance arrives, it should be used.

For reference: the signs of alcohol intoxication after drinking surrogates are much less pronounced than when drinking high-quality alcohol - this is due to the peculiarities of the effects of substances on the human body.

First aid

In anticipation of the arrival of the medical team, the person must be laid on his side, loosen the clothes on his chest, make sure that he does not choke on his own tongue or vomit. To bring a drunk to consciousness, you can use ammonia or any substance with a strong flavor (vinegar, grated horseradish, etc.), rub your ears or pat your cheeks.

Ammonia

If alcohol intoxication does not entail a threat to life (a person regains consciousness, can answer simple questions, basic reflexes are present), you can alleviate his condition at home by providing appropriate first aid.

After the vomiting subsides, the person should be given a drink of Regidron or another similar remedy that prevents dehydration, and put to bed, and at this time someone should monitor his condition (control breathing, pulse, skin color, etc. .).

Attention: it is impossible to stop vomiting and diarrhea that has developed as a result of alcohol intoxication - they act as a protective reaction of the body and contribute to the speedy removal of toxic substances.

Video - Alcohol poisoning: what to do? First aid!

What can not be done?

When providing first aid to a person who has been poisoned by alcohol, it should be remembered that there are a number of prohibited activities that can aggravate a person’s poor condition and harm his health. In case of intoxication of the body after a heavy libation, it is not recommended to do the following:

• induce vomiting in the absence of consciousness, so that the drunk does not choke on vomit;
• give antiemetics or try to stop the self-cleansing of the body in any other way;
• take sleeping pills or diuretics - they disrupt the activity of the central nervous system and kidneys, which are already “stunned” by a large dose of toxins;
• lead the victim to the steam room or pour over cold water- Sudden changes in temperature can cause serious dysfunction of the cardiovascular system.

How to remove the effects of intoxication on your own?

After serious alcohol intoxication, a person experiences a deterioration in general well-being, headaches, thirst and lack of appetite, which are the consequences of poisoning. To cope with a set of unpleasant symptoms, you can use simple home remedies.

1. Consume as much as possible more liquid, giving preference to herbal decoctions, weak green tea, clean water with lemon juice and honey, homemade fruit drinks and compotes, preferably unsweetened.
2. Drink liquid fermented milk products, including kefir, yogurt, ryazhenka, or those that contain enzymes and acids (sauerkraut or cucumber brine).
3. Take a warm or contrast shower - stand under hot and cool water jets for 1 minute.
4. Eat a bowl of low fat chicken soup, salad from fresh vegetables or another light and nutritious dish, but in the absence of appetite, you should not force the body and force yourself to eat.
5. Walk outdoors.

Hangover is the worst solution for alcohol intoxication

Many people consider deep sleep to be the best cure for a hangover, so lying down and sleeping can be a therapy. The worst solution in this case is to treat like with like, that is, hangover. A person's well-being may improve, but a weakened body will receive an additional blow, which can cause irreparable harm to health.

Hangover cures

In pharmacies, you can purchase a number of drugs that eliminate the manifestations of a hangover and contribute to the rapid recovery of the body.

1. The most common hangover drug, which is available in the form of soluble tablets, and contains soda, acetylsalicylic and citric acid. The components of the product are quickly absorbed by the walls of the gastrointestinal tract and eliminate the effects of intoxication. Contraindication - ulcerative lesions of the digestive tract.

   

2. Means based on glucose, sodium formate and other substances that have the ability to remove products from the body that are formed after the breakdown of alcohol. In excessive amounts, sodium formate is also capable of provoking intoxication, therefore, it is possible to resort to this remedy only with severe manifestations of intoxication. Prohibited for use in diabetes mellitus.

   

3. An analogue of Alka-Seltzer, which has a similar composition (aspirin, soda, glycine), relieves headaches, has a calming effect on the nervous system, prevents dehydration and neutralizes the effects of acetaldehyde, which is a key cause of intoxication after drinking alcohol. Contraindications include severe allergic reactions, gastrointestinal diseases, individual intolerance to the components.

   

4. A preparation containing acids (succinic, fumaric, ascorbic), glucose and monosodium glutamate. Suitable both for eliminating the consequences of alcohol intoxication, and for the prevention of poisoning before a feast. It differs from other medicines in that it begins to act already at the time of the breakdown of ethanol and the formation of toxic compounds. Contraindicated in people with severe kidney dysfunction and ulcerative lesions of the digestive tract.

   

5. The medicine includes succinic acid and milk thistle extract, it protects liver tissue from negative impact alcohol and its transformation products, has a detoxifying effect on the body. Quickly eliminates the unpleasant manifestations of alcohol consumption.

   

6. It removes toxins from the blood, accelerates the breakdown of alcohol and helps to quickly eliminate the symptoms of poisoning. The tool is quite effective, but compared with similar drugs often causes allergic manifestations.

   

7. natural remedy, which includes extracts from various plants and acids. Tones and cleanses the body, relieves headaches, nausea and weakness. It is not used for serious disorders of the kidneys, liver and gastrointestinal tract, in pathologies of the cardiovascular system.

   

8. Buffalo. Soda based medicine succinic acid with antioxidant properties, removes toxins, normalizes water balance and regenerative processes in the body. It is better to take it immediately after drinking alcoholic beverages. Contraindications include ulcerative lesions of the stomach and intestines, hypersensitivity to the components of the drug.

If the above funds were not at hand, you can drink a few tablets of succinic or ascorbic acid, as well as any vitamin complex.

Summing up

Alcohol intoxication is a serious violation of the body's activity, which can lead to unpleasant consequences and even lethal outcome. To prevent poisoning, it is necessary to take a responsible attitude to the use of alcoholic beverages and not to exceed safe dose, which is from 13 to 20 g of pure alcohol at a time.

What sucks? A nefig mix, drink one thing!

Alcohol poisoning is not uncommon, and most people still do not know how to act in this case. A comrade who has gone through is usually simply put to bed, without thinking about what ethyl alcohol intoxication may turn out to be in the near future. Alcohol intoxication has insidious consequences, which in some cases end in death.

If alcohol is bad in the morning: what to do

Fast to the pharmacy, buy sorbex and betargin. Drink 3 tablets of sorbex, then dilute 1 ampoule of betargin (drinking ampoule) in half a glass of water room temperature and drink too. Then drink highly carbonated water. All symptoms will pass in 2-3 hours. I checked myself))

Well, the oldest way

1. Violation of the gastrointestinal tract: profuse vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal cramps, hypersalivation;
2. Violation of coordination of movements, accompanied by headache, severe dizziness;
3. Damage to the vessels of the sclera of the eye: lacrimation, redness of the eyes, painful reaction to light;
4. Chills, tremor of the limbs, difficulty breathing;
5. Raise blood pressure, rapid pulse.
6. Loss of consciousness;
7. Involuntary urination or defecation;
8. Muffled heart tones, severe bradycardia;
9. Cyanosis of the skin, cold extremities due to disruption of the functioning of the heart and normal blood flow.

Alcohol intoxication is sometimes confused with banal alcohol intoxication, which is most often due to people's lack of awareness of the difference between them.

• Feeling of euphoria, emancipation;
• Violation of coordination of movements;
• Speech becomes slurred, fast, loud;
• A person under the influence of alcohol increases his physical and mental capabilities, gets involved in conflicts and discussions;
• There is a sparkle in the eyes;
• The sense of proportion is dulled.

drunkenness - mild form intoxication, which usually ends in a hangover and headache, but also brings enormous harm to health due to the death of nerve cells.

Acute alcohol poisoning is a serious threat to human life, and therefore requires immediate treatment.

Treatment of alcohol intoxication is aimed at removing the toxic substance from the body, normalizing indicators blood pressure, pulse and respiration rates.

Alcohol poisoning: treatment at home with folk methods

Alcohol poisoning, treatment at home using well-known folk methods, avoids dangerous consequences toxic effects of components ethyl alcohol on the body. If alcohol poisoning is suspected, the victim should not be put to sleep, because in a dream a person can die from asphyxia with vomit, from cardiac or respiratory arrest.

What to do when alcohol poisoning:

• Force the victim to drink at least a liter of clean water with the addition of 1 tablespoon table salt, then press with your fingers or a spoon on the root of the tongue, thus causing vomiting. You can stop these activities only after vomiting is presented only clean water. So you will help the victim get rid of toxins, which will greatly alleviate his condition;
• If the poisoned person has a severe chill, you can warm him with a light blanket or blanket;
• If a person is unconscious, it is worth turning him on his side to prevent inhalation of vomit and retraction of the tongue;
• Call an ambulance.

With alcohol poisoning, the body loses water, so you need to replenish the water balance.

What to drink to prevent dehydration:

1. Warm tea with lemon. It is undesirable to drink coffee, because caffeine leads to a narrowing of the lumen of the vessels, which aggravates the process of intoxication;
2. mineral water;
3. Brine (this drink has a high concentration of salt);
4. Milk.

Treatment after alcohol poisoning is aimed at restoring the normal vital functions of the body. Can't "treat" low alcohol drinks. For several days, it is advisable for the victim to sleep a lot, drink plenty of fluids and saline solutions (normohydron, rehydron). For complete elimination toxins, you can use adsorbing preparations: activated carbon, smectite, enterosgel.

First aid for alcohol poisoning, an algorithm of actions

First aid for alcohol poisoning can be provided independently. To do this, you will need: clean water, edible salt, soda, activated charcoal.

In case of alcohol poisoning, you need to act according to the algorithm:

1. Remove from the body toxic substance. To do this, induce vomiting by pressing on the root of the tongue with fingers or a spoon;
2. To disinfect the stomach and slow down the absorption of alcoholic products, it is worth giving the victim a drink. saline solution(add 1 tablespoon per liter of water) edible salt and ½ teaspoon of soda);
3. Adsorb the remnants of the toxic component. To do this, it is worth drinking activated charcoal at the rate of 1 tablet per 10 kg of body weight;
4. With a severe headache, make a compress from a damp cloth on the back of the head, ventilate the room well;
5. After the activities carried out, calm and put the victim of alcohol to sleep.

Poisoning with alcohol substitutes, how to recognize low-quality alcohol

Poisoning by alcohol substitutes is not uncommon, so you should be especially careful when choosing alcoholic beverages. For food purposes, it is relatively safe for a person to drink alcohol made on the basis of ethyl alcohol. "Underground" drinks are made from industrial alcohol(methyl), which cannot be processed by the human liver due to the lack of an enzyme that breaks it down.

It is impossible to treat poisoning with surrogate alcohol at home, therefore, if you suspect intoxication with “burnt” alcohol, you must definitely call an ambulance.

How to recognize low-quality alcohol:

• A good drink cannot be cheap, so you do not need to buy alcohol via the Internet or on a promotional basis;
• There must be excises on a factory bottle;
• If you feel that you get drunk very quickly when drinking a dubious alcoholic drink, urgently rinse your stomach and call an ambulance;
• It is difficult to distinguish low-quality alcohol by taste, but methyl alcohol gives out a sharp alcohol smell. cognac, whiskey and quality wines do not smell of alcohol.

Activated carbon in alcohol poisoning, the role of adsorbents in the treatment of alcohol intoxication

Activated carbon in case of alcohol poisoning, it is an ideal assistant for the adsorption and timely removal of the poisonous substance. The use of activated carbon can not harm health, has a minimum of contraindications. Coal is in every first aid kit, it is cheap, which makes this drug widely available, but no less effective.

In case of alcohol poisoning, it is advisable to take the adsorbent after gastric lavage, since activated charcoal helps to weaken the urge to vomit. To achieve the desired effect, it is worth drinking at least 5 tablets of coal.

Pills for alcohol poisoning, how they work

Pills for alcohol poisoning are divided into groups according to their ability to eliminate the symptoms of alcohol intoxication:

• Adsorbents such as activated charcoal, smecta, polysorb have enveloping and adsorbing properties, which helps to eliminate discomfort from the gastrointestinal tract. Such medicines are sold without a doctor's prescription, they are available in almost every home, they do not harmful effect on the body;

• The remedy for nausea is Validol. Its action is due to the high concentration of menthol, which has a depressing effect on the vomiting center in the brain. There are other antiemetic drugs (metoclopramide, cerucal), but they can only be purchased with a doctor's prescription;

• An anesthetic medication is necessary for a victim of alcohol intoxication due to the development of a severe headache. For this purpose, aspirin upsa (dissolvable effervescent tablet) is best suited. However, this drug is contraindicated in people suffering from peptic ulcer stomach;
• Complex antioxidants in case of ethyl alcohol poisoning: Zorex (is an antioxidant, hepator protector, promotes the rapid excretion of ethyl alcohol products in the urine); biotredin.

Poisoning with vodka, how not to get poisoned during the celebration

Poisoning with vodka most often occurs due to a lack of a sense of proportion in a person. The amount of vodka that can cause alcohol intoxication in each person individually, so it's best to stick to next rule: drink 50 grams of vodka per hour. So you can avoid a hangover in the morning, and at a party you will be cheerful and at the same time remain in adequate condition.

It is easier to get poisoned with cognac than with other alcoholic beverages, because high-quality cognac contains a small amount of methyl alcohol, extremely toxic to the human body. It is not advisable to drink such a drink in an evening in an amount exceeding 100 grams.

In order not to get poisoned by wine, you should not mix this low-grade drink with others (vodka, beer, champagne). At a table with a lot of fruits and meat dishes, you can afford about 300 grams of this noble drink and not worry about the consequences.

To poison yourself with low-quality alcohol, 50 gr. If you are not sure about the quality of an alcoholic drink, it is better not to drink it at all.

What to drink with alcohol poisoning to improve well-being

What to drink in case of alcohol poisoning in order to quickly recover from severe intoxication:

1. Enterosgel is an adsorbing drug that binds toxic complexes of ethyl alcohol products and naturally removes them from the body. Also, this remedy has enveloping and anti-inflammatory properties on the wall of the stomach irritated by alcoholic toxins;

1. Regidron is a drug that restores natural water salt balance organism. Thirst after drinking excess alcohol is due to dehydration, which leads to drinking alcohol. Regidron is available in the form of a powder, which is diluted in a liter of pure water. It is necessary to drink a solution of rehydron poisoned by alcohol within a few hours after the first symptoms of intoxication appear.

Vomiting with alcohol poisoning: why it occurs, how to stop it

Vomiting during alcohol poisoning is a natural protective reaction of the body, aimed at cleansing the body of a poisonous substance. Vomiting undigested food and alcohol should not cause you concern. To speed up the process of cleansing the stomach, it is worth drinking 0.5-1 liter of water with salt. If vomiting becomes mucous, bitter and does not stop long time, it is worth contacting a specialized medical institution, for emergency assistance. Vomiting bile suggests that drinking alcohol has disrupted the functioning of the liver and biliary tract.

How to stop vomiting in case of poisoning:

• Wash with cold water, go out into fresh air;
• Drink an enveloping agent such as enterosgel or smecta;
• Put a validol tablet under the tongue;
• Drink warm tea with lemon or milk.

If these measures do not help, you should seek specialized help in the hospital.

Remedy for alcohol poisoning: folk methods of treatment

After a successful holiday, many are looking for the perfect remedy for alcohol poisoning. Certainly, the best remedy from this disease sober image life. But there are some simple folk recipes that allow you to relieve a headache, get rid of nausea and weakness after a feast.

Folk recipes for a hangover:

1. Drink in the morning on an empty stomach 1 - 1.5 liters cucumber pickle, which will restore the salt balance in the body, start the work digestive system, relieve headache;
2. Drink a raw egg, after shaking it with a few drops of vinegar and a pinch of salt;
3. Prepare black tea with milk and sugar. Milk will relieve pain in the stomach and the urge to vomit, while glucose will start the work of mental activity, give energy;
4. Take a cool shower, but do not wash with too cold water to avoid vasospasm.

It is better not to treat severe alcohol poisoning on your own, you may have come across low-quality alcohol, intoxication from which only a specialist can eliminate.

Methyl alcohol poisoning: how to recognize and treat

Poisoning with methyl alcohol is very dangerous, because, unlike ethyl alcohol, methyl alcohol is a purely technical liquid, which, when consumed by a person, is converted into formic acid, which can destroy almost all organs and tissues of the body.

Outwardly, in color and smell, ethyl and methyl alcohols are almost identical, so it is almost impossible to distinguish between them. To protect yourself from using technical alcohol, it is worth buying only high-quality alcoholic beverages in specialized stores.

Signs of poisoning:

1. Acute abdominal pain, diarrhea and vomiting;
2. Flashing flies before the eyes, short-term loss of vision;
3. Rapid intoxication, aggression, which are abruptly replaced by weakness, apathy and drowsiness.
4. Increased heart rate, a sharp drop in pressure;
5. Profuse salivation;
6. Loss of consciousness.

If you notice any of the following symptoms, you should take immediate action:

• Call an ambulance;
• Rinse the stomach with saline or clean water;
• Drink activated charcoal.

Ethyl alcohol poisoning is nothing more than banal alcohol poisoning. Intoxication can develop due to excessive consumption of alcohol or due to individual intolerance to alcohol by a certain person.

How to avoid ethanol poisoning:

• If you drink alcohol, you should drink it oily fish or meat dishes and vegetable salads, which will allow ethyl alcohol to be absorbed more slowly;
• Do not drink alcohol with carbonated drinks;
• Do not mix different types spirits (for example, champagne and vodka);
• Do not drink alcohol if you know you have an intolerance.

Acute alcohol poisoning can be fatal, so do not think that indomitable vomiting, spastic headache or loss of consciousness is not a reason to see a doctor. You can try to eliminate unpleasant symptoms at home, but if there is no proper result, a visit to the doctor will not hurt you.

Signs of alcohol poisoning:

• severe vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, salivation and watery eyes;
• a sharp violation of coordination of movements;
• memory loss;
• involuntary urination and defecation;
• the appearance of seizures;
• difficulty breathing;
• loss of vision, flies before the eyes;
• a sharp drop in blood pressure;
• loss of consciousness.

Poisoning with ammonia is quite rare, since ammonia is most often used in medical practice.

Ammonia is an irritant that is used to bring to consciousness a patient who is losing consciousness. A sharp ammonia smell irritates the human nervous system, which brings him out of an unconscious state.

Usually, ammonia poisoning develops with prolonged inhalation of its vapors and is manifested by the following symptoms:

• burning in the throat, dry strong cough;
• dizziness, disorientation in space;
• dry mucous membranes;
• lacrimation;
• nausea, profuse vomiting;
• loss of consciousness;
• double vision, short-term loss of vision;
• hallucinations;
• hot flashes, increased sweating.

Help with ammonia poisoning:

1. take the victim to fresh air or open the windows in the room;
2. stop human contact with a poisonous substance;
3. wash with cool water, rinse your mouth and nose with water;
4. Call an ambulance if the victim is in critical condition.

It is absolutely impossible to use ammonia inside, as it destroys the walls of the stomach, destroys the cells of the liver, kidneys, and circulatory system.

If ammonia gets inside, you need:

1. urgently call a doctor;
2. induce vomiting in the victim by drinking plenty of clean water;
3. give the patient a tablespoon of lemon juice.

Video on alcohol poisoning:

29.10.2017 Narcologist Raisa Fedorovna Kovalchuk 0

Alcohol poisoning: first aid

First aid for alcohol poisoning is necessary for the patient as soon as possible, otherwise, the victim may die. Intoxication is a dangerous condition that requires immediate action. It can manifest itself if a person drinks too much conventional alcohol, but also after even a small amount of surrogate drinking.

Alcohol intoxication: symptoms

If poisoning with low-quality alcohol occurs, the first thing to do is to call a medical team. It is also important to open the access of clean air to the room where the poisoned person is located. To do this, you can open a window or window. It is also recommended to release a person from tight, squeezing clothing by unbuttoning or removing it.

While the doctors are driving to the scene, you need to provide first aid, observing the following sequence of actions:

1. Gastric lavage;
2. Language fixation;
3. Purgation;
4. Abundant drink.

Gastric lavage

It is strictly forbidden to take any medication during poisoning, since most of them can create a lethal mixture with the breakdown products of low-quality alcohol. The person may die.

First aid for alcohol intoxication is to completely empty the stomach. For washing, you may need a solution of soda or potassium permanganate in plain water. You can try to induce a gag reflex by drinking a large container of water.

Another way to empty the stomach is to induce vomiting. For this, a person is laid on his side and put pressure on the root of the tongue. These actions are justified and safe only when the patient is conscious. If it is lost, vomit can enter the respiratory passage and lead to the death of the patient.

After the patient begins to vomit with plain water, it is recommended to clean the oral cavity of vomit and saliva, wipe his face with cold water and let him rest until the ambulance arrives.

Language fixation

Consciousness can leave a person, there is a risk of falling of the tongue and blocking the airways, which will inevitably lead to death. To prevent this, you need to fix the language.

For this, the poisoned person is laid on his side. If it is not possible or there is not enough strength to completely turn it on its side, turn its head. At the same time, the tongue is pressed against the palate with a napkin, a spoon or just a finger. For convenience, a clean cloth can be wound around your finger.

You will have to keep your tongue in this position until medical help arrives. This measure will ensure the patient uninterrupted access of oxygen to the lungs.

Purgation

In the pre-medical period with alcohol intoxication, cleansing enemas should be done to remove toxins and decay products of a low-quality alcoholic drink. The procedure must be carried out within emergency care to the victim.

For an enema, clean water at room temperature is taken. Add medicinal formulations or herbal preparations are strictly prohibited, this may worsen the patient's condition. Cleansing is done until the waters are clear.

Sorbents bind together the elements of toxins and poisons that have entered the body and effectively eliminate them. In addition, they facilitate the manifestations of intoxication syndrome, and accelerate the process of removing alcohol. Before use, be sure to read the instructions, the drugs should be taken in accordance with the dosage, which depends on the weight and age of the poisoned person. Sorbents are washed down big amount clean water to enhance their effect.

Reception of adsorbents

When helping a poisoned person alcohol products before the arrival of doctors, activated charcoal and similar means are used. They have the ability to bind the surrogate toxins that have got inside and remove them naturally along with the feces.

The most commonly used drugs in this group are:

• Activated charcoal 6-8 tablets should be crushed into powder and given to the victim, washed down with a small amount of water;
• White coal;
• Enterosgel (at a dosage of 6 tablespoons at a time, washed down with water, if necessary, the procedure can be repeated after 10 minutes);
• Smecta;
• Sorbex.

Plentiful drink

First aid at home must necessarily include a procedure for restoring the balance of fluid in the patient's body. After cleansing procedures, emptying the stomach and intestines, during which the body loses great amount fluids, the patient should be constantly fed with water. It is necessary to give water at room temperature in small sips at short intervals.

Can be cooked for the victim strong tea by adding honey to it or offering mineral water with a slice of lemon. This will improve his well-being and maintain strength until the arrival of specialists and sending him to the hospital.

Actions when the patient loses consciousness

Rendering first first aid in case of alcohol poisoning, it should be as fast as possible, this will avoid many negative consequences.

Severe exposure to toxins can cause loss of consciousness or even a coma. The first step is to check your breathing and heartbeat. To do this, you need to feel the pulse on the carotid artery, on the neck, and feel the breath, putting your hand to your chest. In the absence of a heartbeat, indirect massage and artificial ventilation of the lungs are immediately started.

Provided that the heartbeat is palpable and breathing is clearly visible, you need to lay the victim on his side. If it is not possible to turn his body on its side completely, you should at least turn your head so that the person does not suffocate with vomit or from falling tongue. The person should be placed on a flat, hard surface.

Actions in cardiac arrest

The stopped heart must be restarted as quickly as possible, chest compressions and mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration begin. According to the recommendations of physicians, for every second breath, approximately 20 chest compressions are made in the region of the heart. The procedure is performed until a distinct and persistent heartbeat appears. Be sure to call an ambulance and keep your phone with you.

If, after starting the heart, the patient remains unconscious, it is necessary to bring a cotton swab dipped in ammonia to his nose. The distance to the nasal entrance should be at least 1 cm. The tool has a strong awakening effect, if it does not help, a complex of resuscitation is required.

Medical actions

First aid is provided by a team of doctors in case of alcohol poisoning immediately upon arrival at the place. First of all, the patient's condition is assessed and close people who were next to him at the time of poisoning are interviewed. The procedures that have already been taken, the symptoms that have manifested, as well as the time when vodka or other alcohol was taken and its amount are specified.

Then the patient is provided with oxygen through the mask and a dropper is connected with a special alcohol antidote solution. After that, he is taken to the hospital for treatment.

To speed up the process of removing alcohol, special drugs are used, such as Metadoxil (photo). The injection solution is diluted in 500 ml of a 5% glucose solution. To increase the effectiveness of the drug, it is necessary to inject 400-900 mg intramuscularly using a dropper. Simultaneously with the drug, a solution with vitamins and glucose is administered intramuscularly. It is also important to adhere to the principles proper nutrition following a special diet.

As a treatment, ethyl alcohol is used, which, in the form of a weak solution, is dripped directly into the veins during the first day after poisoning. Thanks to this antidote, blindness of the patient can be avoided.

Hepatoprotectors for poisoning

Justified and the adoption of hepatoprotectors to maintain the liver. Essentiale forte is the most common of this group of drugs. In case of a problem with low-quality alcohol, 2-3 capsules are prescribed three times a day. The course lasts approximately a couple of weeks.

conclusions

First aid for alcohol poisoning is provided quickly and as efficiently as possible. We should not forget about calling the medical team, because only they can cope with the consequences of intoxication and poisoning. It is necessary to act at the first sign of intoxication, this will avoid negative consequences.

When alcohol poisoning occurs, home treatment becomes the main way to help. This type of intoxication should be taken very seriously. The principle is not always: oversleep - it will become easier, it works to the fullest. Strong influences on various vital systems can cause serious disturbances, up to an alcoholic coma. If there are pronounced signs of poisoning, first aid measures should be taken.

The essence of the problem

Alcohol, in its essence, is a poison for humans due to the presence of the main component - ethanol (ethyl alcohol). When consumed in small amounts and taken irregularly, the liver easily copes with this toxic substance. The picture changes dramatically with the use of alcohol, the amount of which exceeds the liver's ability to detoxify the body. As a result of this, metabolic and decomposition products accumulate: acetaldehyde, acetic and lactic acid, which, in turn, leads to acidosis - an acid-base imbalance. In addition, excess toxins are sent to the brain, which is accompanied by damage to the central nervous system.

In addition to the quantitative excess of the consumption of ethyl alcohol, cases of poisoning are recorded. low-quality drinks. The most severe consequences are caused by surrogates: methanol; butyl, hydrolytic, sulfite, methyl alcohol; methylated spirits; components of paint and varnish products; ethylene glycol, which are dangerous in any quantity. Serious complications are observed when using moonshine with poor purification due to the presence of various harmful impurities.

At the household level, the term "alcohol poisoning" usually refers to any painful and unpleasant sensations that occur after drinking alcohol. This is also the name for the deterioration of well-being immediately after drinking (vomiting, problems with breathing and heart), and a heavy morning hangover. In medicine, a more specific term is used - alcohol intoxication. It is caused by an excess of ethyl alcohol derivatives in the blood, which causes symptoms of general intoxication of the body and damage to the nervous system.

Alcohol poisoning with varying severity is considered a very common occurrence. Naturally, the question arises of how to remove alcohol intoxication at home, because most people are unlikely to go to the doctor with such a diagnosis. Exist different means what is it in folk recipes, and in ready-made pharmacy form, which will effective help with alcohol poisoning. However, recognizing the priority of household methods, it should be remembered that in case of severe poisoning, it is necessary to call an ambulance, because. sometimes the lack of adequate measures leads to tragedies (especially when using surrogates).

Manifestation of poisoning

From a medical point of view, there are 3 degrees of alcohol poisoning:

1. Easy stage. The concentration of ethyl alcohol does not exceed 1.4%, which causes minor disturbances mental functions. At this stage, there is euphoria, redness of the skin on the face, dilated pupils.
2. Middle stage. The alcohol level reaches 1.5-2.4%, which leads to small manifestations of neurological symptoms. A characteristic feature: vomiting, as a protective reaction of the body. Motor coordination is impaired. Breathing becomes uneven.
3. The severe stage occurs when the ethanol content is over 2.5%. In this case, dysfunctions of various organs and systems are noted, a serious threat to human life may arise.

In the first 2 stages, the intervention of doctors, as a rule, is not required, and the question of what to do with alcohol poisoning in a mild degree is solved on its own. All discomfort can be removed at home with simple pharmaceutical tablets (intended for these purposes) or "grandfather" methods.

Severe intoxication is manifested by quite alarming symptoms:

• intense nausea and vomiting;
• convulsions;
• slow breathing and heart rate;
• decrease in body temperature below 36ºС;
• pallor and bluish skin tone;
• mental disorders;
• excessive sweating.

In especially severe cases, a person may lose consciousness, and an alcoholic coma occurs. In such circumstances, the treatment of alcohol poisoning at home is dangerous: only professional measures can really help with severe alcohol poisoning.

Possible Complications

Why is it necessary to remove the intoxication of the body as quickly as possible? A severe form of poisoning can lead to tragic consequences. One of the most dangerous manifestations is an alcoholic coma, when it seems that a person has fallen asleep, although in fact the brain is affected. You can check the condition of a person by directing a light beam at the eye. If the pupil reacts to light, then the drunk is just sleeping. During a coma, such a reaction is not observed.

Another complication is respiratory problems. Very alarming symptoms should be considered such manifestations: wheezing, intermittent breathing, skin pallor with a bluish tint. If you do not help, then breathing can generally stop as a result of damage to the central nervous system, ingestion of vomit into Airways, retraction of the tongue. Alcohol has a serious effect on the functioning of the heart.

Any poisoning, and especially alcohol poisoning, leads to a violation of the water-mineral balance of the body. As a result of intoxication, the kidneys and urinary system work with great overload. In particularly difficult conditions is the liver, which accounts for most of the work of neutralizing toxins. Alcohol poisoning can cause significant dysfunction of these organs.

Emergency help

There are times when the provision of timely first aid saves a person's life in severe drunkenness. What to do at home when such circumstances arise? First of all, it is necessary to call an ambulance, and before the arrival of the brigade, the following measures must be taken:

1. If the victim is in a conscious state, then it is necessary to clear the stomach of the drink as much as possible. The best way- artificial vomiting. After that, you should wash the stomach, drinking 0.5-1 l of water with the addition of salt.
2. In the case when the victim is unconscious, it is unacceptable to induce vomiting. It should be laid on its side and all measures taken to facilitate breathing. It is necessary to check for the presence of vomit in the upper respiratory tract and to prevent retraction of the tongue. An attempt to regain consciousness can be made with the help of ammonia brought to the nose.

Removing alcohol intoxication in a quick mode is possible in the following ways:

1. Intramuscular injection of vitamin B6. Significant relief should occur after 6-8 minutes.
2. A solution of phenamine, corazol or nicotinic acid in warm water. Drink 100-150 ml, and relief should come in 20-25 minutes.
3. The level of ethanol in the blood decreases when taking a 40% glucose solution (20 ml); 5% solution of ascorbic acid (15 ml); 1% Nicotinamide (1 ml).

When trying to eliminate alcohol intoxication at home, the following actions are categorically contraindicated:

• alcohol intake in any form;
• try to cure with active physical exercises or walking;
• dousing with cold water;
• taking sleeping pills and sedatives;
• the use of drinks with a tonic effect (coffee, strong tea);
• attempts to take the victim outside;
• leaving him unattended.

Principles of treatment of poisoning

The question of how to treat alcohol problems at home depends on the severity of the phenomenon, age, health status of the victim. In general, the following tasks are solved in case of alcohol poisoning at home:

• cleaning the gastrointestinal tract from ethanol and metabolic products;
• normalization of water and mineral balance;
• restoration of intestinal microflora;
• neutralization of the effects of ethanol decay products on the body;
• elimination of unpleasant and painful symptoms.

It has long been customary to treat alcohol poisoning by artificial or natural vomiting. This process effectively cleanses the stomach of toxins and alcohol residues. At the same time, it should be remembered that indomitable constant vomiting, which continues even after a complete cleaning of the stomach (especially with an admixture of bile or blood), becomes dangerous - it leads to dehydration and weakening of the body. Such a phenomenon must be dealt with in a timely manner. As a rule, antiemetic drugs are taken. At home, an ice compress to the temples and drinking a restorative agent, for example, Regidron, helps.

Therapeutic impact

The question of how to treat alcohol poisoning at home is solved mainly by taking ready-made pharmaceutical preparations or folk medicines. natural remedies. Therapy allows you to remove intoxication when using the following drugs:

1. Enterosorbents. Their action is based on the sorption of residues of toxins and metabolic products remaining in gastrointestinal system, after which everything is excreted during defecation. The following sorbents are recognized as the most effective: Enterosgel, Polysorb MP, Smecta, Filtrum, Lignosorb, Polyphepan, Entegnin, Karbolen. Activated charcoal does not have the effectiveness of these drugs, but has the highest prevalence, taking into account availability and safety. It is taken at the rate of 1 tablet for every 10 kg of body weight. Modern pharmacology offers a specific sorbent - Rekitsen-RD.
2. Normalization water balance. To restore the water, salt and mineral balance in the body, rehydrating preparations are used that contain sodium, potassium, chlorides, and various carbohydrates. The most commonly accepted solutions are Regidron, Hydrovit, Citraglucosolan. Severe poisoning is treated with intravenous drip injection. The following agents are used: Disol, Hemodez, saline solution, glucose solution (5-10%), ascorbic acid solution (5%). If necessary, the doctor may prescribe nicotinic acid, Pyridoxine, magnesia, potassium chloride, Panangin.
3. Normalization of microflora. Alcohol significantly disrupts the balance of beneficial microorganisms in the intestine, which leads to its dysfunction. The task of restoring the microflora is solved by taking the following drugs: products with lactobacilli; Bifidumbacterin; Linex; Bifiform; Enterol; Baktisubtil.
4. Homeopathic remedies. They relieve many of the symptoms of alcohol poisoning. Among the most effective are such drugs: Anti-E and PROPROTEN-100.
5. Help with alcohol poisoning severe hangover. For this purpose, specialized preparations are recommended: Biotredin; Zorex; Limontar; Metadoxil; Alka-Seltzer.

Possibilities of traditional medicine

At home, the fight against alcohol poisoning is often carried out using folk remedies that have been tested for centuries in practice. The following methods can be recommended:

• hot tea with lemon;
• decoction of rose hips;
• mixture tomato juice, raw chicken egg And table vinegar(8-10 drops);
• as an antiemetic: green tea with the addition of lemon balm or peppermint;
• vitamin cocktail: lemon or Orange juice, honey and egg yolk;
• tea with ginger and honey.

Alcohol poisoning can lead to serious consequences if timely measures are not taken. In case of severe intoxication, it is necessary to use medical care. Most often, poisoning is mild, and such intoxication can be effectively treated at home.

Alcohol, even in small doses, has a toxic effect on the central nervous system. In medicine, there are three stages of alcohol intoxication - mild, moderate and severe.

What are the signs of alcohol poisoning and how to remove alcohol intoxication at home? What medicines can be used to relieve a hangover syndrome? What can not be done in case of poisoning, and in what cases should you consult a doctor without wasting time on self-treatment? Let's look at these questions, but first, let's define what alcohol poisoning is.

What is alcohol intoxication

The term alcohol intoxication itself means the poisoning of the body with ethyl alcohol. Normally, a small amount of ethanol is neutralized in the liver without consequences for the body. But when using the amount of alcohol that exceeds the detoxification capacity of the liver, the poison enters the brain and causes disturbances in higher nervous activity. Outwardly, this is manifested by a feeling of euphoria, clouding of consciousness, impaired coordination.

At severe degree poisoning, a person loses sensitivity, reflexes weaken, stunning occurs. In the extreme stage, cardiac arrest, cessation of breathing, deep coma are possible. Such consequences occur when the concentration of ethyl alcohol in the blood is 3% or more. Lethal dose alcohol is about 300 grams in terms of pure alcohol. If we consider the average lethal dose in terms of body weight, then it is 8 grams of ethanol per kg.

In everyday life, alcohol poisoning refers to any changes accompanied by a deterioration in well-being due to drinking alcohol. They may appear immediately after taking a large dose (vomiting, passing out) or visit you the next morning - hangover syndrome. In general, these conditions are treated in the same way, but there are some nuances. In the phase of acute poisoning great importance plays the effect of ethanol on the gastrointestinal tract and the brain, and a hangover is largely provoked by the products of the partial decomposition of ethyl alcohol, in particular, acetaldehyde.

Alcohol poisoning

Separately, it must be said about poisoning with alcohol surrogates. According to statistics, this type of poisoning occupies a leading position in the list of all intoxications. At the same time, more than 90% of the victims die even before the moment of hospitalization.

Substitutes for alcohol are:

In case of poisoning similar products intoxication is mild or does not occur at all, visual disturbances, convulsions, salivation, sweating, vomiting, pain in the abdomen and joints are often observed.

Intoxication with surrogates cannot be removed at home - it is imperative to immediately seek qualified medical help. Delay can cost lives. As first aid measures, they induce vomiting, take an enterosorbent and any enveloping agent. Further, hospitalization is required.

First aid for alcohol poisoning

What to do with alcohol poisoning at home? To do this, a number of measures are taken to rid the body of ethyl alcohol and neutralize the products of its decay.

First aid for alcohol poisoning includes the following steps.

1. Remove the remnants of alcoholic beverages from the stomach. To do this, they induce vomiting, then they wash the stomach - they drink 2-3 glasses of salted water, again provoke vomiting, and so on until almost pure water comes out of the stomach.
2. In case of loss of consciousness, it is impossible to provoke vomiting. Call an ambulance. In anticipation of her arrival, lay the victim on his side, loosen clothing, check the pulse and breathing. Turn your head, make sure that the tongue does not sink, and the vomit does not enter the respiratory tract. To bring the victim to his senses, let him smell ammonia, rub his ears.

If alcohol poisoning does not pose a threat to life, then intoxication is removed independently at home.

Treatment of alcohol intoxication at home

Treatment of alcohol poisoning at home consists of the following actions:

Sometimes poisoning is accompanied by bouts of vomiting. If you vomited once or twice, this is a natural reaction of the body to poison and there will be no harm from it, but only benefit, given the current state. But if the urge to vomit does not go away after emptying the stomach, then you need to take action.

How to stop vomiting after alcohol poisoning?

1. Rinse your head with cold water or briefly apply ice to the back of your head.
2. Drink some water or restorative solutions like "".
3. Do not eat or drink anything else until the stomach calms down.

If the measures taken do not give a result, then antiemetic drugs will help. Indomitable vomiting, the presence of bile in the vomit or blood impurities are grounds for immediate hospitalization.

Let us dwell in more detail on the medicines that are used to treat alcohol poisoning at home.

Enterosorbents

After emptying the stomach from the contents, you need to take enterosorbents. These drugs act in the intestines, capturing toxins and decay products on their surface, and removing them with feces. The following drugs have proven themselves well.

It must be remembered that all enterosorbents must be taken separately from drugs, otherwise the latter will lose their effectiveness. Between their receptions it is necessary to observe a gap of at least one hour, and preferably two hours.

Restoration of water balance

Vomiting dehydrates the body and leaches salts out of it. minerals. In addition, alcohol is a strong diuretic. In case of poisoning, it is necessary to drink plenty of water, preferably mineral or acidified with lemon juice. Help to deal with imbalances medications belonging to the group of rehydrating agents. They contain a balanced set of sodium, potassium, chlorides, sometimes carbohydrates and help the body cope with intoxication.

"Regidron" with alcohol intoxication can be taken orally in the amount of 10-17 ml of the finished solution per kg of weight. One packet of the drug is dissolved in one liter of water and stored in the refrigerator for no more than a day.

The analogues of Regidron are the preparations Hydrovit and Citraglucosolan. Also, a similar solution can be prepared independently: take 1/2 tsp for one liter of water. salt, 1/2 tsp. soda, 4 tbsp. l. Sahara.

With severe alcohol intoxication, a dropper is needed. Its composition is something like this:

• saline, or "Disol", or "Hemodez";
• 5 or 10% glucose solution;
• 5% solution of ascorbic acid.

If necessary, include vitamins (nicotinic acid, pyridoxine), magnesia, potassium chloride, panangin, heart remedies. The volume of the dropper is usually 400-500 ml. A medical worker should put it, as well as determine the composition of the solution for infusion - inept handling can be harmful to health.

Complete cleansing of the body from alcohol, possibly in the case of its excretion by the kidneys. For this, diuretics (diuretics) are used, the best and safest of which is considered ordinary water. You can also use recipes traditional medicine- drink decoctions of herbs. They not only restore vitamin losses, but also supply the body with the antioxidants it needs.

Restoration of intestinal microflora

Alcohol and its decay products kill beneficial intestinal microflora. After alcohol intoxication, the activity of the gastrointestinal tract is often disrupted, constipation or diarrhea develops. Beneficial bacteria needs to be restored. You can do this by eating sour-milk and pickled products or taking probiotics:

Facilitates the course of a hangover emptying the intestines. If constipation is noted after drinking alcohol, then it is possible - this will allow you to remove toxic products from the large intestine.

What not to do with alcohol poisoning

1. In no case should you combine the intake of alcohol and the diuretic "Furosemide", as this negatively affects the condition of the liver and kidneys.
2. Aspirin is also taken with caution. It can be drunk only in a state of hangover, but if intoxication has not yet passed, then this medicine can cause various complications.
3. Do not use any sleeping pills, as they exacerbate the depression of the central nervous system caused by alcohol.
4. The recommendation to go to the bathhouse and thereby get rid of a hangover is only suitable for people with Siberian health.

What to do with a hangover

How to treat a hangover the next morning after heavy drinking? The following measures are effective:

You should not experiment with drugs, it is better to resort to the help of special tablets for alcohol poisoning:

• "Biotredin";
• "Limonar";
• "Metadoxil";
• Alka-Seltzer.

Folk remedies for a hangover

If there are no tablets at hand, then you can use folk remedies used in alcohol poisoning. In addition to the hangover pickles already mentioned, the following remedies help:

A contrast shower helps with a hangover. Start with hot water, then switch to pleasantly cold, alternate 30-60 seconds several times, gradually increasing the temperature difference. Such a contrast will allow the skin to get rid of toxins and toxins, improve the functioning of the heart and blood vessels.

In conclusion, we note that it is much easier and more pleasant to prevent a hangover than to treat it. To do this, do not abuse the amount of alcohol, have a good snack on foods containing starch and pectins (potatoes, bananas), and before the feast, take one of the recommended enterosorbents for preventive purposes.